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To validate a Polish KSeF invoice locally, download the current FA(3) XSD and documentation from the Polish Ministry of Finance, then run an XML Schema validator against your invoice file. A reliable negative test uses a separate copy of a known-good invoice, changes one element so it violates the schema, and confirms the validator reports an error. Local validation checks XML structure; it does not submit an invoice to KSeF or confirm that KSeF accepted it.

Get the current official FA(3) schema

Use the Polish Ministry of Finance’s FA(3) structure page as the source for the schema and its associated documentation. The Ministry says FA(3) replaced FA(2) on 1 February 2026. The FA(3) information sheet identifies system code FA(3), schema version 1-0E and form variant 3. Keep the downloaded XSD in your project or another controlled local directory; a local validator can then run without contacting KSeF.

For a repeatable process, record where the XSD came from and retain the exact file used for a validation run. If the Ministry publishes a newer schema, update deliberately and validate against the version relevant to your workflow rather than silently substituting a different file.

What the FA(3) schema describes

The Ministry’s FA(3) information sheet identifies these top-level components:

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The sheet also identifies the form code and version fields: the system code is FA(3), the schema version is 1-0E, and WariantFormularza is 3. DataWytworzeniaFa records when the XML was generated; it can differ from P_1 and from the time the invoice is actually delivered. The information sheet’s example represents UTC with a trailing Z.

Run a local XSD check

Choose an XML Schema validator that supports the schema’s XSD features. The example below uses Python with the third-party lxml library. It assumes you have downloaded the official XSD and saved it as schema/fa3.xsd; change the paths to match your files.

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  1. Install lxml: run python -m pip install lxml in the Python environment you will use for validation.
  2. Save the script below as validate_fa3.py.
  3. Run it against an invoice: use python validate_fa3.py schema/fa3.xsd invoice.xml.
import sys
from lxml import etree

if len(sys.argv) != 3:
    raise SystemExit("Usage: python validate_fa3.py PATH_TO_XSD PATH_TO_XML")

xsd_path, xml_path = sys.argv[1:]

try:
    schema_doc = etree.parse(xsd_path)
    schema = etree.XMLSchema(schema_doc)
    document = etree.parse(xml_path)
except (OSError, etree.XMLSyntaxError, etree.XMLSchemaParseError) as exc:
    print(f"Could not load XML or schema: {exc}")
    raise SystemExit(2)

if schema.validate(document):
    print("PASS: XML is well-formed and valid against the loaded XSD.")
else:
    print("FAIL: XML is well-formed but invalid against the loaded XSD.")
    for error in schema.error_log:
        print(f"Line {error.line}, column {error.column}: {error.message}")
    raise SystemExit(1)

A successful result means the file parsed as XML and passed the loaded XSD’s constraints. It does not prove that the invoice’s business details are correct, that it satisfies every KSeF rule beyond the schema, or that it has been sent to or accepted by KSeF.

Make the validator fail on purpose

First run the script on a known-good FA(3) sample so you know the schema path and validator work together. Then make a second fixture by copying the sample and changing one field in that copy. A dependable approach is to replace the text of a required element with a value that violates its documented type or allowed-value rule, or remove a required element. Consult the official XSD and information sheet to choose a violation that actually applies to your fixture; do not assume an arbitrary value is invalid.

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  1. Keep the original invoice unchanged and create a separate test file, such as invoice-invalid.xml.
  2. Make exactly one intentional schema violation in the test file.
  3. Run python validate_fa3.py schema/fa3.xsd invoice-invalid.xml.
  4. Confirm that the program exits with status 1 and prints a schema validation error. The exact wording and line number depend on the file, the specific violation and the validator.
  5. Discard or clearly label the altered fixture so it cannot be mistaken for an invoice to submit.

If you instead remove a closing tag or otherwise break XML syntax, the parser will fail before XSD validation. That tests malformed XML handling, not rejection of a well-formed document that violates the schema. Keep those as distinct test cases if your application needs to handle both.

What a local pass does—and does not—establish

An XSD check tests whether the XML is structurally valid under the schema you loaded. It does not transmit the invoice, assign it a KSeF number, or establish that the service will accept it. The Ministry describes invoice submission separately from the published schema; use KSeF’s appropriate workflow when you need an end-to-end check.

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Schema validity also cannot guarantee correct placement or meaning for every business detail. For example, the FA(3) information sheet says the purchaser’s Polish NIP belongs in the NIP field within Podmiot2/DaneIdentyfikacyjne and notes that correct placement matters to the invoice’s availability to that purchaser in KSeF. A document can pass an XSD check while still needing business-rule and workflow checks.

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Use the KSeF test environment for an end-to-end check

For a workflow check beyond local validation, the Ministry’s KSeF 2.0 test application is integrated with the test API environment and supports FA(3) invoice workflows. Use fictitious data there: the Ministry says test actions have no legal effects. This is a separate step from running an XSD validator on your own machine.

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Do not confuse local validation with issuing invoices offline

Here, “offline validation” means checking XML on your computer without contacting KSeF. The Ministry also uses “offline24” and “offline – KSeF unavailability” for regulated invoice-issuing procedures; those are not names for an XSD check.

Under the ordinary offline24 case, the Ministry says taxpayers use the applicable structure—FA(3) from 1 February 2026—issue electronically and submit no later than the next business day after issue. The Ministry describes separate handling when a KSeF failure or total failure occurs before submission; see its offline24 procedure.

For the announced KSeF-unavailability mode, the ordinary submission deadline is no later than the next business day after the unavailable period ends. The Ministry separately describes a seven-business-day deadline after an announced failure and non-submission for total failure. These conditions are not one universal deadline; consult the Ministry’s offline procedure during KSeF unavailability for the applicable case.

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