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Use browser.defaultBrowserContext() to get the browser’s default BrowserContext. It returns synchronously, and Puppeteer does not allow you to close that context. For a page in the default context, you can either call context.newPage() on the returned context or use the shortcut browser.newPage().
Get and use the default browser context
After launching or connecting to a browser, call browser.defaultBrowserContext() to access its default context. Create pages through that context when you want their ownership to be explicit:
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
const context = browser.defaultBrowserContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
console.log(await page.title());
} finally {
await browser.close();
}defaultBrowserContext() is synchronous: do not put await before it. The example uses top-level await, supported in an ES module; save it as an .mjs file and run it in a Node.js environment where Puppeteer is installed. The finally block closes the browser even if navigation or later work fails.
The Puppeteer API reference documents this method as returning a BrowserContext and states that the default browser context cannot be closed. See the Browser.defaultBrowserContext() method reference.
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- Read Before You Buy — No Video Output: These adapters support charging and USB 2.0 data transfer, but cannot transmit video signals. Except for standard USB webcams (which use USB data only), they are not compatible with HDMI/DisplayPort cables, video-capable USB-C hubs, or docking stations with video output.
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Use the browser-level shortcut when context ownership is obvious
await browser.newPage() creates a page in the default browser context. It is a concise choice when you do not need to keep or use the context object itself. Use await context.newPage() when your code works with a particular context—for example, when you are managing multiple sessions or using context-level operations. Puppeteer documents both behaviors in its Browser class reference.
Do not close the default context
There is no supported operation for closing only the default context. Calling close() on it is not a way to clean up one page or end one session. Close an individual page with await page.close() when you only need to discard that page, or close the entire browser with await browser.close() when the browser is no longer needed. Closing the browser is distinct from closing a context.
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When to create a separate browser context
Create a new context when a task needs a separate browser session, such as running independent users’ workflows without sharing browser storage. Open pages through the new context and close that context when its work is done:
const context = await browser.createBrowserContext();
try {
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
// Work with this isolated session.
} finally {
await context.close();
}A newly created context does not share cookies or cache with other browser contexts, according to the Browser.createBrowserContext() API reference. Puppeteer’s guide also explains that contexts do not share cookies or local storage and that closing a context closes all of its pages: Browser management.
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| Concern | Default context | New context |
|---|---|---|
| Create a page | browser.newPage() or browser.defaultBrowserContext().newPage() |
context.newPage() |
| Storage relationship | The browser’s default context; pages in it share that context’s session state. | Does not share cookies or cache with other contexts; Puppeteer’s guide also describes local-storage separation. |
| Close operation | Cannot be closed independently. | await context.close() closes the context and its pages. |
Popups stay with their opener’s context
A page opened using window.open belongs to the same browser context as the page that opened it. If the opener is in a separate context, its popup is associated with that context rather than the default one. This matters when you are separating sessions: opening a popup does not move it into another context. Puppeteer documents this behavior in its BrowserContext class reference.
Chrome’s incognito terminology
Puppeteer describes non-default contexts as incognito in Chrome. Its documentation also notes that the default context may be incognito when Chrome is launched with --incognito. This is a documented Chrome-specific detail; do not assume the same terminology or launch behavior for every browser Puppeteer can control. See the BrowserContext class reference.
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Common problems and fixes
- You tried to close the default context. The default context cannot be closed. Close the specific page with
page.close(), close a separately created context withcontext.close(), or close the whole browser withbrowser.close(), depending on what you intend to clean up. - A page unexpectedly shares session state with another page. Both pages may be in the default context. Create a separate context with
await browser.createBrowserContext(), then create the page with that context’snewPage(). - You used
browser.newPage()but expected an isolated session. That method creates the page in the default context. Use a newly created context when separation is required. - You expected a popup to belong to a different context. A
window.openpage belongs to its opener’s context. Create the opener in the context that should own the popup. - You added
awaitto the context accessor.browser.defaultBrowserContext()returns directly; reserveawaitfor asynchronous operations such ascontext.newPage(),browser.createBrowserContext(), andcontext.close().
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