Set the browser viewport’s width and height before loading the page, then choose separately whether to capture the visible viewport, the full page, or a clipped region. For example, in Playwright, call page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 800 }) before page.goto(). The viewport controls layout and responsive breakpoints; the screenshot options control what is included in the image.
Set the viewport before navigating
A viewport is the browser’s visible layout area, measured in CSS pixels. Changing it can trigger a site’s responsive breakpoints, so choose the dimensions you need before navigation where practical. This also avoids changing the layout after the page has loaded.
Playwright
Set the page viewport before opening the URL:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 800 });
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png' });
await browser.close();Replace the example URL and dimensions with your target. The screenshot above captures the visible viewport by default. Playwright recommends setting the viewport before navigating; its documentation also notes that a page can have its own viewport and that a browser context’s viewport option is useful when setting the size for pages in that context. See the Playwright Page API.
To set the size when creating a context instead, use:
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const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1280, height: 800 }
});
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');Puppeteer
Set the viewport before navigation, then capture the page:
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewport({
width: 1280,
height: 800,
deviceScaleFactor: 1
});
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle0' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png' });
await browser.close();The deviceScaleFactor controls the relationship between CSS pixels and device pixels. Puppeteer recommends setting the viewport before navigation; changing it in some mobile or touch-emulation cases can reload the page. See Puppeteer’s setViewport reference.
Choose what the screenshot should include
Viewport size and capture scope are separate settings. A 1280 × 800 viewport does not automatically mean a full-page image: it describes the visible layout area. Choose the capture mode that matches the result you need.
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- Viewport: captures the visible area at the configured width and height.
- Full page: includes content extending below the visible viewport. In Playwright, use
fullPage: true; in Puppeteer, use the same option. - Clipped region: captures a specified rectangle rather than the entire visible area. Puppeteer’s screenshot options include
clip; how content beyond the viewport is handled depends on the clip andcaptureBeyondViewportsettings.
For example, in Playwright:
await page.screenshot({ path: 'full-page.png', fullPage: true });For a Puppeteer clip:
await page.screenshot({
path: 'region.png',
clip: { x: 100, y: 100, width: 500, height: 300 }
});Check the screenshot API documentation for the exact interaction between clip bounds and capture behavior: Playwright and Puppeteer.
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CSS viewport dimensions are not always the same as the final image’s pixel dimensions. In Playwright, screenshot scale: "css" produces one image pixel per CSS pixel, while scale: "device" uses device pixels and can produce a larger image on a high-DPI device. Puppeteer exposes deviceScaleFactor when setting the viewport. Use a consistent scale when predictable file dimensions matter, and confirm the resulting image dimensions in your pipeline.
If a layout appears different from the expected design, first verify the viewport width: crossing a responsive breakpoint can change columns, navigation, and element visibility. If you need a phone-like layout, viewport size alone may not emulate every mobile or touch property; configure the relevant device or context settings as well. See the Playwright and Puppeteer API guidance.
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Using a hosted HTML-to-image API
Hosted renderers may accept width and height as request parameters instead of requiring browser setup. Those values and their limits are specific to the service. For example, the HTML2IMG documentation lists defaults of 1440 × 900 and a range of 1–5000 for each dimension; it describes width and height as determining viewport size and responsive behavior. These are HTML2IMG settings, not general browser standards. Check the provider’s current documentation before relying on defaults or limits.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server. Set the viewport with the API’s width and height parameters; its documentation is at ScreenshotNeo docs. For example, this cURL request captures stripe.com:
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpScreenshotNeo removes cookie banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; those cleanup steps can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits cost nothing, and response headers indicate the page verdict and whether the request was billed. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 shots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots.
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Troubleshooting viewport screenshots
The page ignores the expected layout
Set the viewport before navigation, confirm width and height are expressed in CSS pixels, and check whether the page’s responsive breakpoints switch at the chosen width. If mobile or touch emulation is involved, verify those context settings too.
The image dimensions differ from the viewport
Check the screenshot scale and device pixel ratio. In Playwright, choose scale: "css" for one output pixel per CSS pixel; scale: "device" can yield more pixels. In Puppeteer, inspect deviceScaleFactor.
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A normal screenshot captures the viewport, not necessarily the whole document. Enable full-page capture if you need content below the fold, or define a clip if you need a particular region.
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The page shifts or reloads after resizing
Configure the viewport before navigation. Puppeteer notes that changing viewport properties in some mobile or touch scenarios can cause a reload, so set those properties up front and wait for the page to finish loading before capturing.
A hosted renderer rejects the dimensions
Compare the requested width and height with that provider’s documented limits and check whether it treats them as viewport dimensions, output dimensions, or both. Do not assume another service’s defaults or ranges apply.
Frequently Asked Questions
What units should I use for a browser viewport?
Playwright and Puppeteer viewport width and height are specified in CSS pixels.
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Does changing the viewport make a screenshot full-page?
No. Set the viewport for layout size, then explicitly choose viewport, full-page, or clipped capture.
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