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A pull request (PR) is a proposal to merge changes from one branch into another—not the merge itself. It gives collaborators a shared place to discuss the change, review its code, and check whether it meets the repository’s requirements before integration. This guide covers creating a PR on GitHub’s website or with GitHub CLI, choosing draft status, reviewing and responding to feedback, and checking what must happen before a merge.

What is a pull request?

A pull request proposes bringing changes from a head branch—the branch containing your work—into a base branch, the branch that should receive it. On GitHub, opening the PR makes the proposed changes available for discussion and review. The changes do not become part of the base branch until the PR is merged. See GitHub Docs: About pull requests.

A typical workflow is: create a branch or fork, make and commit changes, open a PR, review and update the work, then merge once the repository’s requirements are met. Keep the change focused and explain both what changed and why; GitHub notes that smaller PRs are faster to review and easier to merge.

How do I create a pull request?

GitHub documents both a website workflow and a GitHub CLI workflow. The website is useful if you prefer a graphical interface; the CLI fits a terminal-based workflow. In either case, verify that the base branch is the intended destination and the compare branch contains your work.

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Before opening the PR

  1. Choose the repository. If you have permission to write to it, create a working branch there. If you do not, fork the repository and work from your fork.
  2. Make a focused change and commit it with a clear message. If working locally, push the branch to GitHub. You can also make a change on GitHub’s website and commit it to a branch.

Open it on GitHub.com

  1. Open the repository and select Pull requests, then New pull request.
  2. Choose the base branch that should receive the change and the compare branch containing your work. Review the displayed differences to catch an incorrect branch selection.
  3. Enter a descriptive title and a description covering what changed and why. Include context a reviewer needs to assess the change.
  4. Create the PR as ready for review if you want feedback now. Choose draft status if the work is not ready for review.
  5. If you have the required access, request an appropriate reviewer. GitHub says review requests require write access; people or teams with read access can be requested. Reviewer and team availability can vary with repository visibility and plan.

Open it with GitHub CLI

GitHub’s quickstart also supports creating a PR with GitHub CLI. After pushing your branch, run gh pr create from the repository and follow the prompts to select the base branch and provide a title and description. Use the CLI’s help for the installed version if you need to check available options: gh pr create --help. The resulting PR is the same shared review proposal as one created on the website.

As you add commits to the PR’s branch, GitHub updates the proposed changes. You generally do not need to open a new PR for each revision to the same branch.

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What is a draft pull request?

A draft PR shares work in progress without presenting it as ready for formal review. Use it when you want to expose the direction of a change or collect early discussion, but still expect substantial work.

Status Best for Important behavior
Draft Work still in progress Cannot be merged. Code owners are not automatically requested while it remains a draft.
Ready for review Work ready for formal feedback Marking a draft ready requests review from code owners.

When the work is ready, use GitHub’s option to mark the draft ready for review. Draft behavior is described in GitHub Docs: Changing the stage of a pull request.

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How do I review a pull request?

Start by understanding the intended outcome, then examine the changes and submit a review decision that accurately reflects your assessment. GitHub’s review workflow is documented in GitHub Docs: Reviewing proposed changes in a pull request.

  1. Read the title, description, and discussion. Establish the problem the PR is meant to solve and any decisions already made.
  2. Inspect the changed files. Work through the diff file by file. Where useful, inspect individual commits and the PR’s checks. Consider whether the implementation matches the stated goal and whether the change introduces issues in context.
  3. Leave actionable comments. Use a general comment for feedback about the PR as a whole, or a line-specific comment for an observation tied to code. If you know the exact edit, a suggested change can make it easier for the author to apply. GitHub lets reviewers collect pending comments and submit them together.
  4. Submit a review. Add a concise summary and choose Comment, Approve, or Request changes. Explain specific concerns so the author can respond.

What do Comment, Approve, and Request changes mean?

Decision Meaning
Comment Share feedback without recording an approval decision.
Approve Signal that you consider the proposed changes ready from your perspective.
Request changes Flag work you believe should be addressed before the PR proceeds.

A request for changes does not automatically block every PR. Its effect depends on the repository’s branch protection or ruleset requirements and the reviewer’s permissions. Likewise, approval alone does not guarantee that a PR can merge.

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How should an author respond to review feedback?

Read each comment for the underlying concern, rather than treating every comment as a required edit. Apply a suggested change when appropriate, or push a broader revision in a new commit. Reply when context or a decision needs explanation, and resolve conversations once the issue has been addressed. Significant updates may warrant requesting another review.

Review activity and new commits remain connected to the same PR while you continue working on its branch. Keep the description useful as the proposal evolves, particularly if the scope or approach changes.

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How do I merge a pull request?

Check the PR’s status area and the repository’s contribution guidance before merging. GitHub’s quickstart workflow requires satisfying the applicable review approvals and checks, but requirements differ between repositories. A repository may also have configured branch protection or rulesets that affect whether a review decision blocks merging.

  1. Confirm the PR targets the intended base branch and that its changes are ready to integrate.
  2. Check for unresolved review feedback and any required approvals shown by GitHub.
  3. Check the status of required checks and other merge blockers displayed for that repository.
  4. When GitHub indicates the requirements are satisfied and the merge control is available, use the repository’s permitted merge option.

If the merge control is unavailable, inspect the status area for the specific unmet requirement rather than assuming that another approval alone will fix it. For the official workflow, see GitHub Docs: Merging a pull request.

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