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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchUse page.screenshot() for image files and expect(page).toHaveScreenshot() for visual-regression assertions. Set fullPage: true for the entire scrollable document, clip for a rectangle, and mask for locator-selected regions. For repeatable output, disable animations, hide the caret, normalize dynamic content with capture styles, and choose css or device scale deliberately.
The two screenshot APIs
Saving an image with page.screenshot()
The Page API captures the current page and returns a buffer; supplying path also writes the file. The format is inferred from the filename extension unless you set type explicitly.
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'example.png' });
await browser.close();Comparing snapshots with Playwright Test
expect(page).toHaveScreenshot() is an assertion, not merely a file export. It captures repeatedly until two consecutive screenshots match, then compares the result with the stored baseline. It accepts the normal capture controls plus maxDiffPixels, maxDiffPixelRatio, and threshold.
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
test('home page is stable', async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot('home.png', {
animations: 'disabled',
maxDiffPixelRatio: 0.01
});
});Defaults differ: direct page screenshots allow animations, while screenshot assertions disable them.
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Choose the capture area
Viewport screenshot (the default)
With no scope option, Playwright captures the currently visible viewport. This is useful for above-the-fold checks and fixed-size visual tests.
await page.screenshot({ path: 'viewport.webp', type: 'webp', quality: 82 });Full scrollable page
fullPage: true captures the full scrollable document instead of only the viewport.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'full-page.png',
fullPage: true,
animations: 'disabled'
});Very long pages can create very large images. If your baseline system or image viewer has size limits, prefer section captures or a PDF workflow.
Rectangular clipping
clip takes an object with x, y, width, and height. Coordinates are page coordinates, so obtain an element’s bounding box when the target is a DOM node.
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const box = await card.boundingBox();
if (!box) throw new Error('Pricing card is not visible');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'card.png', clip: box });Handle a null bounding box: the element may be hidden, detached, or outside a state your test has reached.
Hide private or changing content
Locator masks
Pass locators in mask to cover their bounding boxes. This is appropriate for timestamps, account names, rotating adverts, or personal data. The default overlay is magenta; set maskColor (available from Playwright 1.35) to match your test convention.
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await page.screenshot({
path: 'account.png',
mask: [
page.locator('[data-testid="user-name"]'),
page.locator('.live-clock')
],
maskColor: '#222222'
});Masking is locator-based and covers the bounding box, including invisible elements. Build the locator so it selects only the intended visible instance; use visibility-aware selectors or filter the locator before passing it.
Normalize content with capture-time CSS
The style option injects stylesheet text during capture, piercing Shadow DOM and inner frames. It is available from Playwright 1.41. Use it to hide blinking indicators, freeze transitions, or replace unstable presentation without changing production code.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'normalized.png',
style: `
*, *::before, *::after {
animation: none !important;
transition: none !important;
caret-color: transparent !important;
}
.last-updated, .random-ad { visibility: hidden !important; }
`
});For assertions, use the equivalent stylesheet option (often called stylePath) to load a file containing these rules; the assertion documentation identifies that option as added in 1.41.
Make captures deterministic
Disable animations
Set animations: 'disabled' to stop CSS animations, CSS transitions, and Web Animations. Finite animations are fast-forwarded to completion; infinite animations are canceled to their initial state for the capture and then resumed afterward.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'stable.png',
animations: 'disabled',
caret: 'hide'
});Control the caret
caret: 'hide' (the default) prevents a blinking text cursor from changing pixels. Use caret: 'initial' only when the caret itself is part of what you are testing.
Wait for the state you actually need
Navigate with an appropriate readiness condition, then wait for a meaningful selector rather than relying only on a fixed delay.
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await page.goto('https://example.com/dashboard', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
await page.locator('[data-testid="dashboard-ready"]').waitFor();
await page.screenshot({ path: 'dashboard.png', animations: 'disabled' });A page that depends on late API data, fonts, or lazy images may still change after load. Wait for the application’s ready marker, or for the specific images and controls your test needs.
Scale, format, quality, and transparency
CSS pixels versus device pixels
scale: 'css' emits one output pixel per CSS pixel, producing smaller high-DPI images. scale: 'device' uses device pixels and is the default for page.screenshot(), preserving the resolution associated with the emulated device.
| Option | Result | Use it when |
|---|---|---|
css |
One image pixel per CSS pixel | Baselines should stay compact and independent of high-DPI density |
device |
Device-pixel resolution | You need the sharper, higher-resolution rendering of the emulated device |
PNG, JPEG, and WebP
Set type to png, jpeg, or webp. quality accepts 0–100 for JPEG and WebP and has no effect on PNG.
await page.screenshot({ path: 'photo.jpg', type: 'jpeg', quality: 80 });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'asset.webp', type: 'webp', quality: 85 });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'lossless.png', type: 'png' });Transparent output
omitBackground: true removes the default white background and permits transparency for PNG or WebP. JPEG cannot carry this transparent-background behavior.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'logo.webp',
type: 'webp',
omitBackground: true
});Timeouts and cancellation
The screenshot timeout is the maximum time in milliseconds. For direct page screenshots the default is 0 (no timeout), so set one explicitly in CI if a hung page must fail promptly.
await page.screenshot({ path: 'ci.png', timeout: 15000 });The signal option accepts an AbortSignal and is available from Playwright 1.62.
Rank #4
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- Please Note: To reach 10Gbps speed, keep the cable under 3.3 ft. For USB A Male to USB C adapters, try flipping the USB C connector. USB C Male to USB A adapters support bidirectional 10Gbps transfer within 3.3 ft
const controller = new AbortController();
setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), 10000);
await page.screenshot({ path: 'cancelable.png', signal: controller.signal });Visual-regression options that are easy to miss
Difference thresholds
Use maxDiffPixels for an absolute pixel allowance, maxDiffPixelRatio for a proportion of the image, and threshold for per-pixel color sensitivity. Keep allowances narrowly tied to known rendering noise; a generous threshold can hide a real layout regression.
Assertion styles and baselines
Apply a shared stylesheet to hide clocks, ads, or caret effects before each assertion. Keep browser, viewport, device scale, fonts, and locale consistent across baseline and comparison runs. A changed Playwright version or browser engine can legitimately require new baselines.
Option selection by goal
| Goal | Recommended settings |
|---|---|
| Above-the-fold smoke image | Default viewport, caret: 'hide', explicit readiness wait |
| Documentation of an entire article | fullPage: true, disabled animations, a suitable image format |
| One component | Element boundingBox() passed to clip |
| Privacy-safe account screenshot | mask for names, balances, and timestamps |
| Small high-DPI baseline | scale: 'css', PNG or WebP |
| Transparent asset | omitBackground: true with PNG or WebP |
| Regression test | toHaveScreenshot(), animations: 'disabled', controlled diff limits |
Troubleshooting Playwright screenshots
The image is only the visible viewport
Add fullPage: true. If you intended a component, calculate its bounding box and pass it as clip instead.
The screenshot is blank or missing content
Confirm navigation succeeded, wait for the application’s ready selector, and check that the element is not hidden behind a consent dialog or modal. For lazy-loaded pages, scroll or otherwise trigger the application’s loading behavior before capture.
Visual tests fail intermittently
Disable animations, hide the caret, mask changing data, and inject normalization CSS. Also standardize fonts, viewport, locale, timezone, and browser version in CI.
Masked pixels are pink
That is the default maskColor. Set a different color, such as #222222, when the baseline or downstream processing requires it.
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Pick the symptom - the matching free tool is one click away.
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- 5-in-1 Connectivity: Equipped with a 4K HDMI port, a 5 Gbps USB-C data port, two 5 Gbps USB-A ports, and a USB C 100W PD-IN port. Note: The USB C 100W PD-IN port supports only charging and does not support data transfer devices such as headphones or speakers.
- Powerful Pass-Through Charging: Supports up to 85W pass-through charging so you can power up your laptop while you use the hub. Note: Pass-through charging requires a charger (not included). Note: To achieve full power for iPad, we recommend using a 45W wall charger.
- Transfer Files in Seconds: Move files to and from your laptop at speeds of up to 5 Gbps via the USB-C and USB-A data ports. Note: The USB C 5Gbps Data port does not support video output.
- HD Display: Connect to the HDMI port to stream or mirror content to an external monitor in resolutions of up to 4K@30Hz. Note: The USB-C ports do not support video output.
- What You Get: Anker 332 USB-C Hub (5-in-1), welcome guide, our worry-free 18-month warranty, and friendly customer service.
Transparency is not present
Use PNG or WebP with omitBackground: true; JPEG does not support this transparent-background behavior.
An option is rejected
Check the installed Playwright version. The documented additions are maskColor in 1.35, style/stylePath in 1.41, and signal in 1.62. Shared libraries and CI images often lag behind a developer workstation.
Performance, reliability, and cost considerations
Full-page captures and device-scale output consume more memory and produce larger files than viewport captures at CSS scale. Use clipping, CSS scale, WebP, or JPEG when fidelity requirements permit. For visual tests, deterministic waits and stable rendering usually save more CI time than increasing diff tolerances. The official API references define behavior and defaults but do not provide a benchmark number for screenshot performance.
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ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server. One GET request returns PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF. Before capture it accepts cookie/consent banners and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers report the page verdict and billing status.
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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpPython:
import requests
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open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)Node.js:
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I combine fullPage and clip?
They express different scopes: full-page capture expands to the scrollable document, while clip selects a rectangle. For a specific region, calculate its bounding box and use clip; use fullPage when the whole document is required.
Does quality change PNG files?
No. Quality applies only to JPEG and WebP; PNG output ignores it.
Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsWhich Playwright version supports signal?
The option is documented as added in Playwright 1.62. Verify the version installed in the environment running your tests.
Quick Recap
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