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To run a Selenium browser smoke test with MSTest, create a .NET test project, choose one MSTest test-platform setup, add Selenium WebDriver, and run the test with dotnet test. This guide uses Microsoft’s recommended MSTest.Sdk project style and Selenium’s official web-form example. The code illustrates the documented flow; browser and driver availability can vary by machine.
Choose your MSTest project and test platform
MSTest is the test framework; Selenium WebDriver drives the browser. They are separate components, and a project also relies on a test platform to discover and execute tests. For a new project, Microsoft recommends MSTest.Sdk, an MSBuild project SDK that uses the MSTest runner with Microsoft.Testing.Platform (MTP) by default. See Microsoft’s MSTest getting-started guide.
Recommended here: MSTest.Sdk with MTP
This tutorial uses the SDK-style project path so the example does not mix runner configurations. Microsoft’s guide illustrates MSTest.Sdk/4.1.0 with net10.0; those are documented example values, not a claim that they are the latest available versions. Use a target framework supported by the SDK and your environment, and consult the current guide when choosing versions.
Alternative: MSTest packages with VSTest
Microsoft also documents package-based MSTest setup. It uses packages for the test framework, adapter, analyzers, and VSTest integration. Selenium’s example project follows this style, with MSTest.TestAdapter, MSTest.TestFramework, and Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk. Do not add those packages to the SDK-style project below unless you are deliberately following the package-based setup and its runner guidance.
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Keep the repository consistent
MTP and VSTest are test execution platforms, not alternative names for MSTest. Microsoft advises choosing a consistent platform for a repository’s .NET test projects and tooling. Before adopting MTP, check that the IDE, CI system, and other test projects in your repository work with the platform you select. Details are in Microsoft’s test-platform comparison.
Create the project and install Selenium
-
Install a .NET SDK supported by your chosen project and test tooling. Selenium’s .NET examples README lists SDK 8.0 or later for running its test suite; this is distinct from its separate file-based script instructions, which require .NET 10 or later. The file-based requirement is not the test-project minimum. See Selenium’s .NET usage instructions.
-
Create a test project following Microsoft’s
MSTest.Sdkgetting-started instructions, then add a C# test file such asWebFormTests.cs. The SDK project configuration is the runner choice for this guide. -
From the project directory, add Selenium WebDriver:
Special offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.dotnet add package Selenium.WebDriverThis is Selenium’s documented .NET installation command. Its official example project also includes
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-
Restore dependencies:
dotnet restore
The Selenium example project has displayed Selenium packages at 4.49.0, MSTest adapter and framework at 3.6.0, and Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk at 17.11.1. These are example-project values, not a promise of the latest versions or of cross-version compatibility. The SDK-style project here should follow the versions and configuration recommended for MSTest.Sdk rather than copying the example project’s package-based test runner dependencies.
Write a browser smoke test
The test below follows Selenium’s official C# web-form example: open the form, verify its title, submit text, and assert the response. A try/finally ensures the browser is asked to quit even when an assertion or interaction throws an exception.
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumMSTest;
[TestClass]
public class WebFormTests
{
[TestMethod]
public void SubmittingTextDisplaysConfirmation()
{
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
try
{
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html");
Assert.AreEqual("Web form", driver.Title);
driver.FindElement(By.Name("my-text")).SendKeys("Selenium");
driver.FindElement(By.TagName("button")).Click();
string message = driver.FindElement(By.Id("message")).Text;
Assert.AreEqual("Received!", message);
}
finally
{
driver.Quit();
}
}
}The example uses MSTest’s [TestClass] and [TestMethod] attributes. Selenium’s documented sample constructs ChromeDriver, navigates to the same URL, checks the title, enters Selenium into the field named my-text, clicks the button, checks the element with ID message for Received!, and quits the driver.
This compact smoke test assumes the submitted form responds promptly. For a production suite with variable page load times, prefer explicit waits for the expected state rather than relying on arbitrary sleeps. Keep each test focused on observable behavior, and use lifecycle cleanup if you move driver creation into shared setup.
Run the test and narrow execution
From the directory containing the project file, run:
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dotnet testThe command restores/builds as needed and asks the configured test platform to discover and execute the MSTest test. Selenium’s .NET instructions also show dotnet restore followed by dotnet test. To run one test, use the fully qualified name filter supported by the test tooling, for example:
dotnet test --filter "FullyQualifiedName~SeleniumMSTest.WebFormTests.SubmittingTextDisplaysConfirmation"If you use a namespace or class name different from this example, adjust the filter to match the test’s fully qualified name.
Browser, reliability, and cost considerations
Browser and driver availability
The sample creates ChromeDriver, but the available material does not establish what browsers or driver components are installed on an individual machine, nor guarantee that every local browser setup is compatible. If construction fails, confirm Chrome is installed and that Selenium can obtain or use a compatible driver in your environment. Browser setup can differ between developer machines and CI agents.
Test stability
-
Always close the driver, including after failed assertions; the example uses
finallyfor this. -
Wait for the condition the test actually needs when page behavior is asynchronous. Avoid fixed delays as a default because they may be too short on a slow run and unnecessarily long on a fast one.
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-
Keep the test-platform choice aligned with the repository’s IDE and CI configuration to avoid discovery or execution mismatches.
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Package and execution costs
The documented setup uses the .NET SDK and NuGet packages; no paid Selenium test service is required by this local example. Actual runtime and infrastructure costs depend on the machine or CI environment where the browser runs. The cited setup material provides no benchmark or reliability statistic, so none is implied here.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Troubleshooting common setup problems
-
No test is discovered: Check that the test class and method have
[TestClass]and[TestMethod], respectively, and that the project uses a consistent MSTest SDK/runner configuration. Do not silently combine MSTest.Sdk defaults with the package-based VSTest setup. -
dotnet testcannot restore or build: Confirm the required .NET SDK is installed, the project’s target framework is supported, and NuGet restore completes. The Selenium test-suite documentation lists SDK 8.0 or later; separate file-based script prerequisites do not define this project’s minimum. -
ChromeDriverfails to start: Verify that Chrome is installed and that the browser/driver arrangement is compatible with the Selenium setup on that machine. Browser and driver provisioning is environment-specific; the sample alone does not configure every workstation or CI image.The Tool Desk
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The title or message assertion fails: Confirm the test reached
https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html, the page loaded successfully, and the expected form controls remain available. If the failure is timing-related, wait for the relevant element or state rather than adding an arbitrary long sleep. -
The browser remains open after a failure: Ensure
driver.Quit()is in afinallyblock or equivalent test cleanup that runs when the test fails. -
IDE or CI behavior differs from the command line: Check whether those tools support the selected MTP or VSTest platform and whether the repository uses the same platform consistently.
Or skip the browser setup
If your goal is to capture a webpage rather than test interactive behavior in a browser, ScreenshotNeo offers a screenshot API and MCP server. One GET request can return a screenshot or PDF; its screenshot options include PNG, JPEG, and WebP output. This is not a replacement for Selenium assertions or browser interaction in a test suite.
For example, the cURL call below captures a page as WebP:
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can MSTest and Selenium run in the same C# test project?
Yes. MSTest attributes define the tests, while Selenium WebDriver performs browser actions; configure a compatible test platform for discovery and execution.
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The Selenium .NET test-suite instructions list .NET SDK 8.0 or later. The .NET 10 requirement applies to separate file-based script instructions, not the test-project minimum.
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