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Monero mining performance is mainly a question of how efficiently your CPU runs RandomX—and how well its memory and miner settings are configured. The most useful hashrate is the sustained result from your own machine, measured alongside power use; a CPU name or a leaderboard entry cannot guarantee the same result or tell you whether mining will be profitable.
What determines Monero mining performance?
Monero uses RandomX proof-of-work. The Monero Project says CPUs are more efficient for Monero mining than GPUs, even though both can mine it. RandomX performance depends on the whole system and its configuration, not just the processor model.
XMRig’s RandomX optimization guide identifies memory bandwidth, cache, NUMA layout and huge pages as relevant factors. Its CPU configuration reference also covers mining threads, MSR settings and thread priority. A useful comparison therefore needs a repeatable, sustained hashrate and enough configuration detail to explain how it was reached.
Memory and CPU configuration
XMRig’s guide lists a RandomX dataset requirement of 2,080 MB per NUMA node and 256 MB of cache on the first node, with per-thread cache needs also relevant. Its undated documentation, checked in 2026, estimates that DDR3 memory may be limited to about 1,500–2,000 H/s per channel and DDR4 to about 4,000–6,000 H/s per channel, depending on memory frequency and timings. These are guide figures, not guaranteed results for every platform.
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XMRig estimates regular huge pages can improve performance by up to 50%; on Linux, 1 GB huge pages may add a further 1–3% compared with regular huge pages. Its CPU reference describes MSR modification as offering up to 15%, depending on the system. These are documentation estimates, not expected gains for every machine: the effect depends on hardware, operating system, configuration and whether the feature is actually enabled.
How much hashrate should you get?
There is no single reliable target based only on a CPU model. A local benchmark is the best starting point, because memory configuration, active threads, operating system, huge-page availability, MSR status and cooling can all affect the result. Sustained performance can also differ from a short run if the CPU hits thermal or power limits.
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XMRig’s live benchmark page shows community-submitted CPU names, reported hashrates and sample counts. AMD Ryzen 7 5700X submissions appear there, for example, but the page is not a controlled comparison and a submission is not a prediction for a new system. The Monero Project likewise cautions that some benchmark results may be out of date. The live page reported 2,335 unique CPUs and 89,887 samples when accessed in 2026; those counts can change.
Record enough detail to make a comparison useful
When comparing your result with another system or repeating a test after a change, record:
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- CPU model and number of active mining threads.
- Memory type, channel configuration, speed and timings.
- Operating system and XMRig version.
- Whether huge pages and MSR settings were successfully enabled.
- Sustained hashrate, measured system power and relevant temperature or noise limits.
These details help distinguish a CPU’s potential from differences in setup. For efficiency, calculate hashrate per watt using measured wall power; CPU-only power estimates do not include the rest of the system.
Benchmark your own system with XMRig
XMRig supports online and offline RandomX benchmarks. Its benchmark instructions describe online runs that process between one and ten million hashes, depending on the selected benchmark parameter. Use the documented mode and options, and compare like with like rather than treating a quick run as a long-term result.
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- Choose an online or offline benchmark. Use the online mode if you want to submit or compare a result through XMRig’s benchmark service. Use offline mode to test locally without submitting a result.
- Run the documented benchmark command for your chosen mode. XMRig’s benchmark documentation provides the current command syntax and parameter choices. Avoid relying on copied commands from an older release.
- Check huge-page and MSR status in the output. XMRig says to confirm that huge pages are active for the dataset and mining threads, and that MSR values were set successfully when aiming for results near the system’s best.
- For an offline run, check the checksum. XMRig says a green checksum means the computation was correct; a red checksum indicates a hardware error. Do not treat a run with a hardware error as a valid performance result.
- Repeat under the conditions you intend to use. Record the configuration and allow the system to reach its normal sustained operating state before comparing hashrates.
XMRig also documents a continuous stress mode that runs indefinitely and requires an internet connection. It is different from a finite benchmark; use it only when you intend to run a stress test and can monitor the system.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Choose a mining configuration without hiding trade-offs
Huge pages, MSR and thread priority
Huge pages and MSR changes may improve RandomX performance, but their potential gains are configuration-dependent. Verify their status in XMRig’s output instead of assuming that enabling an option worked. XMRig notes that raising thread priority can make a PC unresponsive, so a machine used interactively may need lower priority or fewer mining threads.
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NUMA and multi-CPU systems
NUMA settings matter on systems with multiple CPU nodes. XMRig says NUMA support can improve hashrate on multi-CPU systems and Ryzen Threadripper. Because memory placement and available cache differ across systems, check the miner’s detected topology and compare sustained results rather than assuming one thread layout is best.
Fast and light RandomX modes
XMRig’s CPU reference describes RandomX fast mode as using 2 GB of memory and light mode as using 256 MB. They are distinct operating modes, not interchangeable performance settings: available memory and the use case determine what is practical. Consult the current XMRig documentation for supported options and requirements.
Hashrate is not profitability
A hashrate tells you how quickly a miner performs RandomX work; it does not establish how many coins you will earn or whether mining will cover costs. Net returns depend on factors including your measured system power, electricity price, network conditions, XMR market price and the payout method. The available figures here do not establish a current profitability estimate for any particular reader, so use current inputs for your location and setup rather than turning a benchmark into an earnings forecast.
Solo mining, pools and P2Pool affect payout patterns
Mining method changes how rewards are distributed, not the CPU’s underlying RandomX hashrate. The Monero Project’s mining guide describes three approaches:
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| Method | What to expect | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| Solo mining | You mine independently and receive a block reward if you find a block. | The Monero Project says the wait can be months, depending on hashrate; there is no guaranteed schedule. |
| Pool mining | Rewards are shared among participants, generally producing more frequent payouts. | Pools charge fees and rely on third-party software. |
| P2Pool | The Monero Project describes it as a decentralized, permissionless and trustless alternative, with no pool fee and no payout fee. | Check current setup requirements and details before choosing it; the project encourages P2Pool and independent solo mining for network robustness. |
Use the miner’s current documentation
XMRig describes itself as open-source, cross-platform mining software and a RandomX benchmark with CPU support and AMD OpenCL and NVIDIA CUDA plugin backends. Its documentation lists a default donation level of 1%. Software features and defaults can change by release, so check the current XMRig documentation for the version you plan to use rather than relying on old installation steps or configuration examples.
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