To manage Telegram inline-keyboard buttons in PHP, put short action data in each button’s callback_data, receive the resulting callback_query through a webhook or long polling, call answerCallbackQuery promptly for every press, and then edit the message or keyboard as needed. Telegram limits callback data to 1–64 bytes, and the callback may identify its message either through chat/message IDs or an inline_message_id.
How inline keyboards and callback queries work
An inline keyboard is an InlineKeyboardMarkup object whose inline_keyboard value is an array of rows. Each row contains button objects. A callback button supplies visible text and a callback_data value that Telegram returns to the bot when the button is pressed.
Telegram permits 1–64 bytes for callback_data. Use a compact action name or reference to server-side state—for example, order:42:confirm—rather than embedding a large object or sensitive information. Treat the value as an input to validate, not as authorization: Telegram notes that the originating message may no longer have a button with that data when the callback arrives.
A callback query includes a unique query ID, the user who pressed the button, and callback data. It also provides message context when the originating bot message is accessible. For a message sent through inline mode, the query can instead include inline_message_id. The exact fields available determine which identifier to use when editing the message.
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Build an inline keyboard in PHP
Represent rows and buttons as nested PHP arrays, then include them as the message’s reply_markup. This example shows the data shape; it does not make the API request by itself.
$keyboard = [
'inline_keyboard' => [
[
['text' => 'Confirm', 'callback_data' => 'order:42:confirm'],
['text' => 'Cancel', 'callback_data' => 'order:42:cancel'],
],
[
['text' => 'Help', 'callback_data' => 'help'],
],
],
];Pass this markup when sending a message, using the Bot API’s supported JSON or form request parameters. Keep business state on your server and check that the requested action is valid for the user and current state before applying it.
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Receive callback queries in PHP
Telegram delivers updates through either getUpdates long polling or an HTTPS webhook configured with setWebhook. They are mutually exclusive while a webhook is set: long polling does not work with an outgoing webhook. If you specify allowed_updates, include callback_query so these updates are delivered.
Webhook handler outline
A webhook endpoint receives a JSON-serialized Update. Decode the request body, check for a callback query, and use its ID to acknowledge the press:
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$update = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
if (isset($update['callback_query'])) {
$query = $update['callback_query'];
$queryId = $query['id'];
$data = $query['data'] ?? '';
// Validate $data and the user's permission against application state.
telegramApi('answerCallbackQuery', [
'callback_query_id' => $queryId,
]);
// Edit the message or its keyboard using the available message context.
}telegramApi() is an application-defined HTTP-client function, not a built-in PHP or Telegram function. It must send a request to the Bot API, process HTTP and JSON errors, and keep the bot token out of public source code and logs. Telegram’s API uses HTTPS URLs in the form https://api.telegram.org/bot<TOKEN>/METHOD_NAME; requests can use GET or POST and supported parameter encodings include JSON. Successful responses are JSON objects with an ok status and a result.
For webhook verification, Telegram supports an optional secret_token when setting the webhook; check the corresponding request header before processing updates. The PHP outline above is pseudocode, not a tested, drop-in endpoint.
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Long polling outline
With long polling, call getUpdates from a worker and process returned Update objects. Advance the offset beyond the highest update ID you have processed to avoid receiving those updates again. Do not run this worker while a webhook is configured.
Acknowledge every button press
Call answerCallbackQuery using the callback query’s id. Telegram clients display a progress indicator after a button press until the bot answers. The acknowledgement is necessary even when you do not want to show the user a message.
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For a quiet acknowledgement, provide the query ID without optional presentation parameters. If appropriate, the method can instead show notification text or an alert. For work that may take time, acknowledge promptly and perform the slow work afterward when the application flow allows it; Telegram’s MTProto button guidance also advises bots to respond as quickly as possible.
Update the message or its keyboard
After validating and handling the action, choose the edit method according to what should change:
editMessageReplyMarkupchanges only the inline keyboard.editMessageTextchanges the message text and can include replacement markup throughreply_markup.
For an accessible bot message in a chat, provide its chat ID and message ID. For an inline-mode message, the edit methods accept inline_message_id instead. Editing the original message can keep the conversation focused on one updated result instead of adding a separate bot reply for every button press.
Choose long polling or a webhook
| Delivery method | Use it when | Important constraint |
|---|---|---|
getUpdates long polling |
Your PHP deployment runs a worker that can repeatedly request updates. | It cannot be used while an outgoing webhook is configured. Advance the offset beyond processed update IDs. |
| HTTPS webhook | Your application has an HTTPS endpoint reachable by Telegram. | Webhook delivery and long polling are mutually exclusive. An optional secret token can help verify incoming requests. |
Telegram specifies the HTTP API and update fields, but does not require a particular PHP framework, SDK, router, or HTTP client. Those are implementation choices; verify a library’s current interface and behavior in its own documentation before relying on it.
Quick Recap
Official references
- Telegram Bot API — callback queries, inline keyboards, update delivery, request methods, and message editing.
- Telegram bot buttons (MTProto) — button interaction guidance.
- Telegram Bot API changelog — historical API changes, including the 2016 introduction of callback-query and inline-keyboard features.
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