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Lead-containing paint was found in a retail sample bought in Cameroon in 2023, so the evidence shows it was available in at least part of the market then. It does not establish how common lead paint is across Africa—or whether those same products are still being sold today.

What did testing find in Cameroon?

A January 2024 report by IPEN and the Centre for Research and Education for Development (CREPD) tested 38 solvent-based paints purchased from shops in Yaoundé and Douala in May and June 2023. The sample covered 28 home and decorative paints, seven anticorrosive paints and three aerosol or spray paints, representing 15 brands from 13 manufacturers.

Finding in the tested sample Result reported by IPEN and CREPD
Paints above Cameroon’s 90 ppm total-lead limit 12 of 38 (32%)
Paints above 10,000 ppm total lead 5 of 38 (13%)
Highest measured result 90,000 ppm, in a yellow Asmaco spray paint manufactured by Anchor Allied Factory L.L.C. in the United Arab Emirates
Paints reported as not containing intentionally added lead 26 of 38 (68%); the report’s finding is based on its testing thresholds and interpretation, not a claim that the paints contained absolutely no lead

At least one sample above 90 ppm came from seven of the 15 brands. The results show that the tested market included both paints above the national limit and paints reported as not containing intentionally added lead. They do not show that every paint or brand in Cameroon contained lead.

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Does this prove lead paint is still sold across Africa?

No. The Cameroon results establish that paint exceeding the country’s limit was available in shops in two cities when the samples were bought in 2023. They are not a representative estimate for Cameroon as a whole, other countries, or the continent, and they do not confirm the current stock of any product.

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IPEN’s country-study archive lists reports for multiple African countries, including Cameroon and Tanzania reports from 2024. A report’s existence alone does not prove that lead paint is currently on sale: its sampling date, locations, product types and applicable limit matter. The evidence summarized here does not establish comparable recent retail testing across Africa.

Which African countries have banned lead paint?

There is no single current country-by-country list established by the evidence available here. Policy changes have been reported since the World Health Organization’s regional snapshot, but those reports are not a substitute for checking each country’s legal instrument and its effective date.

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Source and date What it reports How to interpret it
WHO global indicator, 16 January 2024 48% of countries had confirmed legally binding controls on lead paint A global figure, not an Africa-only count. WHO’s indicator covers laws, regulations, standards or procedures governing production, import, export, sale or use, based on surveys of national authorities.
WHO report for the UNEP Africa Region, 31 March 2023 10 countries had laws, 34 did not, and 10 had unconfirmed status A dated regional snapshot, not a current count. Later policy developments were reported for Nigeria, South Africa and ECOWAS.
IPEN 2024 annual report and LEEP 2024 review IPEN reports new regulations in South Africa and Nigeria and widespread West African change following an ECOWAS lead-paint ban. LEEP says Nigeria implemented enforceable regulation in March 2024. These reports identify developments, but do not by themselves provide a reconciled account of each country’s current law, scope, limit and enforcement provisions.

A regulation can differ by the paints or activities it covers. To compare countries accurately, check the current legal limit in ppm and which paint categories it applies to; whether it governs manufacture, import, sale or use; when it took effect; and what testing or enforcement it requires. A law’s existence and whether products in shops comply are separate questions.

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How can you tell whether paint contains lead?

You cannot establish lead content from the Cameroon findings alone for a particular tin of paint. The report tested specific samples; it does not certify or condemn every product from a named brand, and its findings do not establish what is in paint currently on sale. The available evidence also does not identify a consumer test kit as suitable and reliable across African markets.

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For a product-specific answer, ask the manufacturer or the relevant national regulator for test results tied to the exact product and batch, or ask whether a qualified laboratory can test it. A country’s legal limit is useful context, but it is not a test result for the paint you have.

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Why does lead in paint matter?

Lead in paint can expose people when paint deteriorates or is disturbed. The United Nations Environment Programme identifies decorative paint used inside and outside homes, schools, and public or commercial buildings as a possible source. UNEP states: “There is no known level of lead exposure that is considered safe for adults or children.”

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If you are concerned about paint in a home, school or other building, seek guidance from local health or environmental authorities rather than relying on appearance or an unverified DIY test. The evidence cited here does not establish a universally suitable consumer test or removal product for African settings.

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