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Increasing a VMware disk takes two steps: expand the virtual disk in VMware, then extend a partition or volume inside the guest operating system. The extra capacity does not become usable filesystem space automatically. Back up the VM and remove or consolidate snapshots before expanding; the correct interface and whether the VM must be powered off depend on the VMware product, version, and virtual controller.

Before you expand a VMware disk

  • Identify the setup: determine whether you use Workstation or Player, or vSphere/ESXi; note the guest OS, target disk, controller type, and desired final capacity.
  • Back up the VM: make sure you have a valid backup before changing disk capacity.
  • Remove or consolidate snapshots: do not expand a snapshot-backed virtual disk. Broadcom warns that doing so can corrupt snapshots and cause data loss, regardless of VM power state. See Broadcom’s snapshot best practices.
  • Check available capacity: verify datastore free space and confirm the requested size is supported by the VMware platform, datastore, and guest OS.

Expand the virtual disk in VMware

Choose the procedure for your VMware product. These paths are not interchangeable, and labels or eligibility can vary by release.

Workstation or Player

Broadcom documents this GUI path for Workstation 7 and later and Player 3.x and later:

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  1. Power off the VM and open its settings.
  2. Select Hard Disk.
  3. Choose Utilities > Expand.
  4. Enter the desired total disk capacity and select Expand.

The hosted command-line pattern shown by Broadcom is vmware-vdiskmanager -x 100Gb vm.vmdk. Replace 100Gb with the intended capacity and vm.vmdk with the correct disk path. Confirm that the VM is backed up and has no snapshots before using the command. See Broadcom’s virtual machine disk-size procedure.

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vSphere or ESXi

For ESXi 6.5 or later, Broadcom documents using the vSphere Client or ESXi Host Client to edit the VM settings, select its SCSI hard disk, and increase the size. The cited procedure does not support expanding IDE virtual disks through the vSphere Client flow. Clustered disks have a separate command-line caveat, so do not assume the ordinary GUI steps apply to them. Consult Broadcom’s procedure for the applicable release and disk type.

Power state and disabled size controls

Broadcom’s general guidance is to power off the VM and remove snapshots before expansion. It lists hot-extension exceptions for PVSCSI beginning with vSphere 7.0 and NVMe beginning with vSphere 8.0.1; whether an online change is permitted depends on the exact release and controller. Use the documentation for your environment rather than assuming every VM can be expanded while running.

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If the size field is grayed out or expansion fails, check whether the VM is powered on, whether snapshots exist, and whether the disk type and controller are supported. Broadcom’s troubleshooting article, updated January 27, 2026, covers common causes of the disabled size option: Troubleshooting a grayed-out disk size field.

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Make the added space available in the guest OS

After VMware reports the larger virtual disk, the guest may need a disk rescan or reboot to detect the new capacity. Then extend the guest partition or volume and, where applicable, its filesystem. Broadcom explains that increasing a VMDK does not itself enlarge the guest partition or filesystem in its disk-size procedure and partition-extension guidance.

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Windows

In a supported Windows configuration, open Disk Management, locate the volume, and use Extend Volume if the unallocated capacity is available for that volume. Broadcom also describes DiskPart for data disks or when using a helper VM. The available option depends on the disk layout and Windows configuration; follow the applicable Broadcom Windows guidance.

For Windows to use capacity beyond 2 TB on a disk, the disk needs GPT partitioning rather than MBR. This is a partitioning requirement, not a guarantee that every VMware release, datastore, or guest supports every large disk size. See Broadcom’s large-capacity VMDK guidance.

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Linux

Rescan the device or reboot if needed, then use tools appropriate to the distribution, partition layout, filesystem, and any volume manager in use. The correct sequence differs between setups—for example, a plain partition and a logical volume do not use identical steps—so identify those details before changing partitions or filesystems. Broadcom’s general guidance confirms that guest filesystem growth is a separate operation, but does not establish one Linux command sequence for every configuration.

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If the guest still shows the old capacity

  • Confirm VMware shows the intended larger VMDK capacity.
  • Rescan disks in the guest or reboot if the guest has not detected the larger device.
  • Check that you extended the correct partition or volume, not just the virtual disk.
  • Inspect the partition layout: unallocated space may not be adjacent to the partition you want to extend.
  • Check for an unresolved snapshot chain or a disk/controller limitation.

Verify the result at both layers: the configured disk capacity in VMware and the usable volume or filesystem capacity inside the guest.

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If you expanded the disk too far

Do not expect to reverse the change with an in-place shrink: vSphere does not support shrinking a VMDK in place. Broadcom’s workaround, updated August 26, 2026, calls for a full backup and describes migrating the VM or copying data to a correctly sized new disk. See Broadcom’s VMDK shrink workaround.

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