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Use a Playwright BrowserContext to set shared HTTP headers, then open each URL in a page and save its screenshot. Context headers apply to requests from every page in that context, so use separate contexts when URL groups need different credentials or header settings.
Set up Playwright and the output folder
This JavaScript example uses Playwright’s Chromium browser. Install Playwright in your project and install its browser if you have not already:
npm install playwright
npx playwright install chromiumCreate a folder named screenshots in the project directory before running the script. The example captures URLs sequentially and writes numbered PNG files.
Capture a list of URLs with shared headers
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
async function captureUrls(urls, headers) {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 },
});
try {
await context.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers);
for (const [index, url] of urls.entries()) {
const page = await context.newPage();
try {
const response = await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'load' });
await page.screenshot({
path: `screenshots/page-${index + 1}.png`,
fullPage: true,
});
console.log(url, response ? response.status() : 'no response');
} finally {
await page.close();
}
}
} finally {
await context.close();
await browser.close();
}
}
captureUrls(
['https://example.com', 'https://playwright.dev'],
{ 'X-Custom-Header': 'example-value' }
).catch(error => {
console.error(error);
process.exitCode = 1;
});Replace the sample URLs and header with your own. Header values must be strings. setExtraHTTPHeaders() sends the configured headers with every request initiated by pages in the context—not only the main document—so be deliberate about where you use authorization or other sensitive values. Playwright BrowserContext API
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Choose header scope and context boundaries
Use context headers for a shared batch
Call context.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers) before navigating. All pages in that context share its settings. A page-specific page.setExtraHTTPHeaders() value takes precedence when it overrides a matching context-level header. Playwright does not guarantee the order of outgoing headers. BrowserContext API
Separate batches with different credentials
If URLs belong to different accounts, trust boundaries, or header configurations, place them in separate contexts. This avoids sending one group’s context-wide headers to another group’s requests. A context can contain multiple pages, and its settings apply to those pages. Playwright pages
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Choose what the screenshot should contain
Viewport or full page
The example sets a 1440-by-900 viewport and uses fullPage: true to capture the full scrollable page. Remove that option, or set it to false, when you need only the visible viewport. Keep viewport dimensions consistent across a batch if you intend to compare screenshots. Page API
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page.goto() supports load, domcontentloaded, networkidle, and commit as navigation completion conditions; its default is load. A page may still render important content after navigation completes. In that case, wait for a meaningful page-specific locator or other readiness signal before taking the screenshot. Playwright discourages using networkidle as a general testing-readiness strategy. Page API
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Scale the batch carefully
The sample is sequential, which is simple to debug and keeps the number of active pages low. If capture time matters, bounded concurrency is an option to evaluate, but there is no universally safe concurrency level established here: choose one based on your resources, target-site behavior, and rate limits. Give each capture a unique output path so parallel tasks do not overwrite one another.
Check results and troubleshoot failures
- Header is missing or rejected: Confirm the header object was passed to
context.setExtraHTTPHeaders()before navigation and that each value is a string. Check whether a page-level header overrides the same context-level name. Header order is not guaranteed. BrowserContext API - Credentials reached an unintended URL: Context headers apply to requests initiated by pages throughout that context. Split URLs with different credentials or trust boundaries into separate contexts.
- Screenshot is blank or incomplete: The navigation condition may have completed before client-side content appeared. Wait for a locator or application-specific signal that represents the content you need; do not assume
networkidleis the right readiness check. Page API - An error page was captured: A valid HTTP error response such as 404 or 500 does not, by itself, make
page.goto()throw. Inspect the returned response status and decide whether your workflow should save or reject that screenshot. Page API - Output file cannot be written: Ensure the
screenshotsdirectory exists and that the process can write to it. Use unique filenames when capturing concurrently. - Visual output differs between runs: Browser rendering can vary with operating system, browser version, hardware, headless mode, and other factors. Keep the capture environment and viewport consistent when comparing against a baseline. Playwright snapshot documentation
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo can capture a URL with one GET request. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
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Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Frequently Asked Questions
Can I reuse one page for every URL?
Yes. This example creates and closes a page for each URL; Playwright also supports multiple pages in a context. Reusing a page is an implementation choice if your workflow does not need each capture isolated.
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Does a screenshot indicate that the HTTP request succeeded?
No. Check the navigation response status separately; a server can return an HTTP error page without causing navigation to throw.
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