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Use a browser automation API such as Playwright: navigate to the public page, wait for the content you need, then set fullPage: true when taking the screenshot. This captures the page’s full scrollable height rather than just the visible viewport. Playwright returns screenshot bytes and can also save directly to a file; check the options for the version installed in your project. Playwright’s screenshot documentation describes the full-page option.
Capture a full page with Playwright
The example below uses Node.js and saves the screenshot as a PNG. It is an illustration of the documented Playwright flow; it has not been tested against a particular Indian government website. Replace the example URL with the public page you are authorized to capture.
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.gov.in/', { waitUntil: 'load' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'government-page.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
})();Install Playwright in your Node.js project before running the example. The fullPage option defaults to false; setting it to true asks Playwright to capture the full scrollable page. The screenshot method can return image bytes instead of writing a path: const image = await page.screenshot({ fullPage: true });. Save or process that buffer in your application.
Wait for the content you need
A successful navigation does not guarantee that every page element is ready for capture. Some pages populate content after the initial load. Choose a readiness condition that fits the page, such as waiting for a known selector:
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await page.goto('https://example.gov.in/', { waitUntil: 'load' });
await page.locator('main').waitFor({ state: 'visible' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'government-page.png', fullPage: true });Use a selector that is meaningful for the target page. A fixed delay is not a universal solution: it can waste time on a fast page and still be too short for a slow one. The Playwright documentation explains screenshot behavior, but no single readiness signal works for every site.
Python and cURL alternatives
The runnable example above uses Node.js, which is the Playwright flow documented for this topic. A hosted screenshot API can be simpler when you do not want to run a browser yourself; the alternative below includes cURL, Python and Node.js examples.
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What to check before capturing a government website
The Guidelines for Indian Government Websites and Apps (GIGW) apply to government web properties at central, state, district and local levels. They address usability, user-centricity, universal accessibility, security and citizen trust. Confirm that the target is the intended public page and that your capture is consistent with your organisation’s permissions and applicable access rules. Public reachability is not blanket permission for high-volume automated requests. See the official GIGW guidance.
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- Inspect the saved image for missing content, cookie notices, popups and layout changes.
- If the result is used for an audit or record, retain the page URL and capture time in the surrounding workflow.
What a full-page screenshot can—and cannot—show
A full-page capture records the page’s visual rendering at capture time. It does not establish that the page is accessible or compliant with GIGW. GIGW checkpoints include accessible alternatives for non-text content, appropriate metadata and page titles, and content that remains usable at narrow viewport dimensions. A tall desktop image cannot prove that a mobile layout works or that a screen reader can interpret the page.
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For an accessibility check, use an accessibility-focused process separately. SugamyaWeb describes both single-page and full-site testing for a URL or domain. Its information describes access for government entities and roles for nominated officers and QA testers; check its current access workflow directly at SugamyaWeb.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server. A GET request with a URL can return a full-page screenshot; set the full-page option and use a format such as WebP. Its cleanup steps accept cookie or consent banners and remove more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups and chat widgets before capture; each step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads and cache hits are not billed, and response headers identify the page verdict and billing status.
For API parameters and options, see the ScreenshotNeo documentation.
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cURL
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.gov.in/ -o shot.webpPython
import requests
r = requests.get(
"https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot",
params={"access_key": "YOUR_API_KEY", "url": "https://example.gov.in/"},
timeout=90,
)
r.raise_for_status()
open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)Node.js
const q = new URLSearchParams({
access_key: 'YOUR_API_KEY',
url: 'https://example.gov.in/'
});
const res = await fetch(`https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot?${q}`);
if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Screenshot request failed: ${res.status}`);
await require('node:fs/promises').writeFile('shot.webp', Buffer.from(await res.arrayBuffer()));ScreenshotNeo also provides an MCP server with take_screenshot, get_page_info and capture_pdf tools for AI agents and MCP clients. The Free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. Those are plan allowances, not a guarantee that a particular government site will load or permit capture.
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Troubleshooting
The screenshot contains only the first screen
Make sure the screenshot call includes fullPage: true. Without it, Playwright captures the viewport by default.
Some page content is missing
The page may render content asynchronously or only after an element becomes visible. Wait for a page-specific selector or readiness condition before capturing, then inspect the output. A navigation load event alone may not mean every component is ready.
The result shows a challenge or an error page
A bot check, CAPTCHA, access restriction or failed load can prevent the intended page from rendering. Do not treat a screenshot of that response as the target page. Check that the URL is correct and that your use is permitted; avoid attempts to bypass access controls.
The page looks different from the live site
A screenshot represents one rendered state at one capture time. Dynamic content, notices and responsive layout can change what appears. Record the capture time if the image is being retained as evidence, and capture at a viewport appropriate to the question you are evaluating.
Quick Recap
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