To run Selenium browser tests with MSTest, create a .NET test project, add Selenium.WebDriver from NuGet, and write an MSTest test that creates and disposes a ChromeDriver. For a new project that can use it as its base SDK, Microsoft recommends MSTest.Sdk; projects that need a different base SDK can use conventional MSTest package references instead. Selenium Manager handles driver setup in the documented quick start, so you normally do not start by downloading ChromeDriver yourself.
Choose an MSTest project setup
There are two common starting points. Choose based on the SDK and test-runner approach your project needs; keep the package configuration consistent with that choice.
| Approach | Use it when | Configuration note |
|---|---|---|
MSTest.Sdk |
You are creating a new MSTest project and can use Microsoft.NET.Sdk as the project’s base SDK. |
Microsoft recommends this first-party project SDK for a simple MSTest setup. It provides MSTest runner/Microsoft.Testing.Platform defaults. See Microsoft’s MSTest introduction and MSTest project configuration guidance. |
| Conventional package references | Your project needs a different top-level SDK, such as Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web, or your repository already uses the VSTest integration path. |
Reference the required test SDK, MSTest framework and adapter packages in the project file. Follow Microsoft’s guidance for the runner you use rather than mixing runner settings casually. |
The MSTest.Sdk option is not a fit when another SDK must remain the project’s base. In that case, manual package configuration lets you keep that SDK while adding MSTest dependencies.
Create the test project and add Selenium
Start with a new MSTest project
In Visual Studio, create a new project using the MSTest Test Project template, then choose the target framework appropriate for your environment. If you are creating the project with the .NET CLI, use the MSTest template available in your installed SDK; template availability and options can vary by SDK version.
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Add the WebDriver NuGet package
From the directory containing the test project, run:
dotnet add package Selenium.WebDriverNuGet’s Selenium.WebDriver page also provides a PackageReference option for adding the dependency in the project file. At the time reflected by the reviewed package listing, NuGet surfaced version 4.50.0 and listed support for .NET Framework 4.6.2, .NET Standard 2.0, and .NET 8.0. Selenium’s downloads page listed .NET/C# stable 4.49.0, released September 9, 2026, and its sample project used 4.49.0. These official pages did not agree on the newest version, so check NuGet’s Selenium.WebDriver page when you install rather than assuming an older sample pin is current. The version listings are volatile.
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Selenium’s conventional sample project targets net8.0 and pins Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk 17.11.1, MSTest.TestAdapter 3.6.0, MSTest.TestFramework 3.6.0, and Selenium WebDriver and Support 4.49.0. Those are sample values, not a guarantee that they are the latest compatible versions. See Selenium’s .NET installation guidance.
When to add Selenium.Support
Selenium.Support is optional for the basic ChromeDriver example below. Add it if your tests use its helper APIs. If you reference it, keep its version aligned with Selenium.WebDriver: the reviewed NuGet listing for Selenium.Support 4.50.0 declares a dependency on Selenium.WebDriver 4.50.0 or later. Check the package listing for the version you select at NuGet’s Selenium.Support page.
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Write and run a minimal MSTest browser test
Add a test class to the project. This example opens a page in Chrome, checks its title, and disposes the driver even if an assertion fails:
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace BrowserTests;
[TestClass]
public class BrowserTitleTests
{
[TestMethod]
public void OpensExamplePageAndReadsTitle()
{
using var driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://example.com");
Assert.AreEqual("Example Domain", driver.Title);
}
}Run the test from Visual Studio Test Explorer or, from the project directory, with:
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dotnet testThe Selenium quick start documents this driver-creation pattern. The test assumes a usable Chrome browser is installed in the environment where it runs. The cited setup instructions establish the launch shape; they do not constitute a claim that this particular example was independently executed.
Understand browser and driver setup
For Selenium’s documented quick start, Selenium Manager handles browser-driver installation. A separate manual ChromeDriver download is therefore not normally the first setup step. The browser itself still needs to be present and usable in the test environment. If the driver cannot locate or start the browser, check the browser installation and the execution environment before adding manual driver-management steps.
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A local WebDriver test does not require Selenium Server. Selenium Server is for Remote WebDriver/Grid use, including remote or distributed execution. Introduce Grid when tests need to run against remote browser nodes, not just to launch a local browser. See the Selenium installation guidance and Selenium downloads page.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Conventional project-file example
If you choose manual package references, Selenium’s published sample uses this shape. It targets net8.0; the versions below are the sample’s pins and should be checked against current NuGet and Microsoft guidance before use.
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.11.1" />
<PackageReference Include="MSTest.TestAdapter" Version="3.6.0" />
<PackageReference Include="MSTest.TestFramework" Version="3.6.0" />
<PackageReference Include="Selenium.Support" Version="4.49.0" />
<PackageReference Include="Selenium.WebDriver" Version="4.49.0" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>For a project based on MSTest.Sdk, use Microsoft’s current project-configuration instructions instead of layering this conventional VSTest-style sample on top without checking which runner your project uses. Similarly, if you retain a different base SDK, configure MSTest manually according to the project’s runner path.
Troubleshoot common setup failures
The test project cannot resolve Selenium types
- Confirm that
Selenium.WebDriveris installed in the test project, not only another project in the solution. - Restore packages with
dotnet restore, then build again. - Check that the source file imports
OpenQA.Selenium.Chromeand that the target framework is supported by the package version you selected.
The browser fails to start or the driver is not found
- Confirm that Chrome is installed and usable by the account running the test.
- Allow Selenium Manager to perform its documented driver setup; a manual driver download is not normally needed for the initial local quick start.
- If running in a restricted environment, inspect its access to the browser and driver resources before changing project dependencies. Remote execution is a separate configuration that may require Selenium Server/Grid.
The test is not discovered or the runner behaves unexpectedly
- Verify the project uses one consistent MSTest configuration: either the
MSTest.Sdkpath where it can be the base SDK, or manual packages appropriate to the project’s SDK and runner. - Check that the MSTest framework, adapter, and test SDK versions are compatible with the chosen .NET target and runner path.
- Use Microsoft’s current MSTest configuration documentation for runner settings rather than mixing defaults from MSTest runner/Microsoft.Testing.Platform and VSTest setups.
NuGet reports package or framework incompatibility
- Check the package’s supported target frameworks on its current NuGet page.
- When using both Selenium packages, align Selenium.Support and Selenium.WebDriver versions.
- Do not assume the sample’s Selenium 4.49.0 pin is newest: the reviewed NuGet listing surfaced 4.50.0 while Selenium’s downloads page listed 4.49.0.
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