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Secure the router first, then review each device and its account before connecting it. Set Wi-Fi encryption to WPA3 Personal or WPA2 Personal, replace default router and device credentials, install available updates, and disable features you do not use. For cameras and other devices that capture audio or video, also check encryption, remote access, and sharing permissions.

Secure the router before adding devices

Connected devices commonly reach the internet through the router, making its settings the first place to harden your home network. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recommends using current Wi-Fi encryption, changing factory defaults, and keeping router software updated in its home Wi-Fi security guidance.

  1. Change the router administrator credentials. Replace the default administrative username and password with unique values. Router administration is different from Wi-Fi access: someone with administrator access can change network settings. Avoid personal details and the router brand in credentials.
  2. Rename the Wi-Fi network and set encryption. Choose a network name that does not reveal personal details. In the router’s wireless or security settings, select WPA3 Personal if available; otherwise use WPA2 Personal. If the router offers only WPA or WEP, check for a software update and look again. If WPA2 or WPA3 is still unavailable afterward, consider replacing the router.
  3. Install router updates. Check the router’s settings or the manufacturer’s instructions for software updates, and enable update notifications where available. If your internet provider supplied the router, ask whether it manages updates.
  4. Enable the firewall. Look for a firewall setting in the router’s security options and turn it on.
  5. Turn off features you do not need. Disable remote management, Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), and Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) if you do not rely on them. These features can be convenient, but the FTC cautions that they can weaken security.
  6. Consider a guest network. If your router supports one, set up separate credentials for visitors instead of sharing the primary Wi-Fi password.
  7. Log out of the administrator account. After saving changes, sign out of the router interface.

Menu names vary by router, so consult its manual or manufacturer’s instructions for the exact controls. A new router is not a default requirement: consider one only if an update cannot provide WPA2 or WPA3.

Inventory and secure devices already on the network

Before adding more devices, check what is already connected. Open the router’s connected-device, wireless-client, or DHCP-client list; the label depends on the router. The FTC’s guidance on securing connected devices recommends changing factory credentials, enabling available two-factor authentication, and keeping device software current.

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#1 Best Overall
Elebase USB to USB C Adapter for iPhone 18 Pro Max,USBC Car Charger Adapter
  • Read Before You Buy — No Video Output: These adapters support charging and USB 2.0 data transfer, but cannot transmit video signals. Except for standard USB webcams (which use USB data only), they are not compatible with HDMI/DisplayPort cables, video-capable USB-C hubs, or docking stations with video output.
  • Convert USB-A Ports to USB-C: Designed to connect USB-C earphones, cables, flash drives, card readers, and other USB-C accessories to standard USB-A ports. Plug-and-play with no drivers or software required.
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  • Identify each device in the router list. If an entry is unfamiliar, check the device names and household equipment before deciding what to disconnect.
  • For each device, replace factory-set usernames or passwords with unique credentials.
  • Enable two-factor authentication (also called multifactor authentication) where the device or its account offers it, and turn on other available security controls.
  • Install firmware updates for devices and updates for their companion apps. Check periodically for new updates or enable notifications when offered.
  • Disable unused functions, such as remote management, if the device provides that option.
  • Disconnect devices you no longer use, especially older products that may no longer receive current security support.

Check privacy and access before choosing cameras or microphones

Cameras, doorbells, baby monitors, and other devices that capture audio or video can expose sensitive information if accounts or recordings are poorly protected. Before buying or enabling remote viewing, use the FTC’s camera security guidance to assess how the device handles account details, live video, and stored recordings.

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  • Look for encryption information. Check whether the maker explains how account details, live streams, and saved recordings are protected. Do not assume all three are handled the same way.
  • Review remote viewing controls. Find out whether remote access can be disabled and whether you can limit when it is available.
  • Limit sharing. Check whether access can be granted with limited permissions rather than sharing one account or password with everyone.
  • Protect the account. Use a unique password and enable two-factor authentication for the associated cloud account if supported.
  • Keep the device and app updated. Review how firmware and companion-app updates are delivered, then install them as they become available.
  • Consider network separation. If your router supports multiple networks, you may choose to place cameras on a separate network from computers and printers.
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Use a short pre-connection checklist

  • Router uses WPA3 Personal or WPA2 Personal, has changed administrator credentials, current software, and its firewall enabled.
  • Unneeded router features—remote management, WPS, and UPnP—are disabled; guest access uses separate credentials if you choose to offer it.
  • Existing devices are identified, have unique credentials, receive available updates, and no longer-used products are disconnected.
  • For audio- or video-capturing devices, you have checked encryption, remote viewing, sharing controls, updates, and account protections.

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