For restaurant delivery listings, start with restaurant-owned websites, merchant-provided feeds, or licensed APIs—not bulk scraping of Yelp or Google Maps. Check each source’s terms and access rules before collecting anything, then store every observation with its source and retrieval time. That provenance is essential: menus, hours, delivery areas, fees, and availability can change, and different sources may disagree.
Choose a permitted source before writing a scraper
“Scraping restaurant listings” can mean collecting different things: restaurant names and addresses, menus, delivery availability, fees, or links to order. Permission to view a page does not automatically mean permission to copy its content into a directory or database. Start by identifying the fields you need and the specific source that is allowed to provide them.
Prefer sources built for reuse
- Restaurant-owned websites: Check the site’s terms and access rules. Collect only pages you are permitted to access, and keep request volume conservative.
- Merchant-provided feeds: Ask the merchant what data may be stored, displayed, refreshed, and redistributed. Clarify how often the feed changes and how to identify each restaurant and ordering destination.
- Licensed APIs: Compare geographic coverage, field completeness, freshness, quotas, attribution, caching and storage rights, and permission for commercial directory use. An API is not automatically free of restrictions.
Yelp: do not scrape listings
Yelp Support says, “No – Yelp does not allow any ‘scraping’ of the site.” Yelp’s terms also prohibit automated access and copying except where expressly permitted, and prohibit unreasonable load. Do not build a restaurant or review database from Yelp pages without an expressly authorized arrangement.
Google Places and Maps: use the permitted API, not a bulk export
Google Maps Platform terms prohibit exporting, extracting, or scraping Maps content for use outside Google services; the examples include copying and saving business names, addresses, and user reviews. Google Places API use is subject to its own requirements, including publicly accessible Terms of Use and a Privacy Policy, attribution, and caching and display rules. An external delivery directory should not treat Maps scraping or bulk export as an allowed data source.
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Foursquare: review the license for your use case
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Check access rules for every host
Before crawling an allowed website, retrieve robots.txt from the exact scheme, host, and port you plan to access. For example, rules on an HTTPS host do not automatically apply to its HTTP version or a different subdomain. Google’s crawler guidance explains that robots rules apply only to the host, protocol, and port where the file is published; its setup guidance says the file belongs at the site root, must be named robots.txt, and should use UTF-8.
Treat robots.txt as an access signal, not as legal permission. A permissive file does not override contractual terms or grant rights to copy protected content. Read the site’s terms as well, and do not proceed if the rules or license do not permit your intended access and reuse.
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Design the listing record around provenance
Do not store a bare row of restaurant facts. Keep the origin and observation time attached to each listing so a reviewer can determine where a value came from and whether it is still current.
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Useful fields to capture
- Source URL and retrieval timestamp.
- Restaurant identifier and normalized restaurant name.
- Delivery platform and ordering URL.
- Delivery area or availability.
- Delivery fee, minimum order, and estimated delivery time, when permitted and provided.
- Hours, cuisine, and price range.
- Menu URL, when permitted.
- For each field: source, observed time, and confidence or review status.
Normalize addresses and platform names, but retain the original value too when it helps explain a match or a discrepancy. Deduplicate on a stable restaurant identity rather than name alone: two locations can share a name, and one location may appear under slightly different names. Keep the platform’s restaurant identifier when available, together with the merchant’s identifier if one is supplied.
Keep conflicts visible
If a restaurant-owned page and a permitted platform feed disagree, do not silently overwrite one value with the other. Store both observations with their timestamps and sources, then select the newest permitted observation for display or send the conflict for review. A recent value is not necessarily more authoritative, so the display rule should reflect your product’s policy and the source’s license.
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Use a two-stage collection process
- Discover candidates. Use permitted merchant feeds, restaurant-owned sources, or licensed APIs to identify candidate restaurants. Record the source’s terms, allowed fields, refresh limits, and attribution requirements.
- Fetch only allowed pages. Check the exact host’s robots.txt and contractual terms before retrieving a page. Skip sources or paths that are disallowed or whose reuse rights are unclear.
- Extract structured data first. Prefer JSON-LD, stable HTML attributes, or documented endpoints over fragile page-position selectors. Do not assume markup from one restaurant site will work on another.
- Normalize and validate. Normalize addresses and platform names, check that ordering URLs are valid, and associate each record with a stable identity. Preserve source values where normalization might hide differences.
- Store observations, not just current values. Keep source, observed time, and confidence for each field. Apply retention limits to raw responses or snapshots according to the source’s license.
- Refresh carefully. Use conservative rate limits, exponential backoff for temporary failures, and caching only when the source permits it. Detect changes using restaurant and platform identifiers.
O’Reilly’s Web Scraping with Python, 3rd Edition covers implementation mechanics such as scraping, storage, blocking avoidance, proxies, and hosted execution. Those techniques do not replace the source-specific terms and API licenses that govern whether you may collect or reuse a particular listing.
Python starter for a permitted JSON feed
A merchant or licensed provider may supply data as JSON. The example below reads one such feed and writes its restaurant records to a CSV with the retrieval time and source URL. It deliberately does not discover or crawl arbitrary restaurant websites; use it only with a feed you are authorized to access and whose terms allow this storage. The feed must return either a JSON array of records or an object with a restaurants array. Field availability varies by provider.
import csv
import json
import sys
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from urllib.parse import urlparse
import requests
def main():
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
raise SystemExit("Usage: python collect_feed.py AUTHORIZED_FEED_URL")
feed_url = sys.argv[1]
parsed = urlparse(feed_url)
if parsed.scheme not in {"https", "http"} or not parsed.netloc:
raise SystemExit("Feed URL must be an absolute HTTP or HTTPS URL")
response = requests.get(
feed_url,
headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
timeout=(5, 30),
)
response.raise_for_status()
payload = response.json()
records = payload if isinstance(payload, list) else payload.get("restaurants")
if not isinstance(records, list):
raise SystemExit("Expected a JSON array or an object with a restaurants array")
observed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
fields = [
"restaurant_id", "name", "address", "delivery_platform",
"ordering_url", "delivery_area", "availability", "delivery_fee",
"minimum_order", "estimated_time", "hours", "cuisine",
"price_range", "menu_url",
]
with open("restaurant_listings.csv", "w", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as output:
writer = csv.DictWriter(
output,
fieldnames=["source_url", "observed_at", *fields],
extrasaction="ignore",
)
writer.writeheader()
for record in records:
if not isinstance(record, dict):
continue
row = {field: record.get(field, "") for field in fields}
row["source_url"] = feed_url
row["observed_at"] = observed_at
writer.writerow(row)
print(f"Wrote {len(records)} feed records to restaurant_listings.csv")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()Install the only dependency with python -m pip install requests, save the script as collect_feed.py, and run python collect_feed.py AUTHORIZED_FEED_URL with the real feed URL supplied by the merchant or provider. Replace the field mapping if that source documents different field names. Before storing or publishing the resulting CSV, check the feed license for retention, display, attribution, and commercial-use conditions.
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Keep collection reliable without overloading sources
- Back off on transient errors. For timeouts or temporary server errors, pause and retry with exponentially increasing delays rather than sending repeated immediate requests. Stop after a bounded number of attempts.
- Do not retry disallowed access. A robots rule, contractual restriction, access denial, or license limit is not a transient failure to work around.
- Cache only when allowed. Cache responses to reduce repeated requests only if the source’s terms or license permit it, and observe any required expiration or refresh limits.
- Track freshness per field. A restaurant’s address may remain stable while its delivery fee, service area, hours, or menu changes. Do not treat one record-level timestamp as proof that every value is current.
- Plan for partial data. A feed can omit fees, hours, or menus. Store an unknown or unavailable value as such rather than inferring it from another restaurant or an unrelated source.
Troubleshooting common collection problems
The feed returns an error or non-JSON content
Check that the URL is the documented feed endpoint, that your credentials and request method match the provider’s instructions, and that the response is actually JSON. The starter script raises an HTTP error for unsuccessful responses and will stop if the decoded structure has no array of records.
Fields are blank or named differently
Providers do not share a universal schema. Compare the response with the provider’s documentation, then map its documented keys to your output fields. Do not fill missing delivery fees, hours, or availability by guessing.
Several records appear to be the same restaurant
Compare stable restaurant and platform identifiers first. If the source provides none, use normalized address and name as review signals rather than assuming that identical names represent the same location. Preserve provenance so a manual merge can be reversed if necessary.
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Values change between refreshes
Store observations with their source and timestamp, then use an explicit conflict rule. Delivery fees, menus, hours, and service areas are volatile; keep older permitted observations only as long as the source’s retention rules allow.
A page is blocked or access is denied
Recheck the exact host’s robots.txt and terms, and verify that the source permits your intended access. Do not evade access controls or increase request volume to force a response. Choose an authorized feed or ask the source for permission instead.
Or skip the browser setup
For a permitted page where a visual record is useful, ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot or PDF with one API request. It is a capture tool, not a restaurant data feed: a screenshot does not turn page content into structured listing fields or grant permission to collect it. Cookie and consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets are removed before the shot; bot checks, blank pages, and failed loads are never billed. An MCP server lets AI agents take screenshots, and 1,000 screenshots a month are free with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://screenshotneo.com -o shot.webpSee the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for setup and response details. For a repeatable listing pipeline, keep the authorized feed or API as the source of structured restaurant data and use screenshots only where visual evidence is useful. Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan.
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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteFrequently Asked Questions
Does a screenshot API extract delivery fees, menus, or opening hours into fields?
No. ScreenshotNeo returns an image or PDF of a page; it is not a structured restaurant feed. Use an authorized feed or API for machine-readable listing data.
Does a restaurant feed license automatically permit a public directory?
Not necessarily. The license may limit display, attribution, caching, storage, or commercial use. Confirm that the specific directory and its intended use are allowed.
Quick Recap
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