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1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsPlaywright Test retries failed tests only when you enable retries. Set retries in playwright.config.ts or pass --retries=N on the command line. A test that fails first and passes on a retry is reported as flaky, not healthy; use retries to gather evidence and reduce transient CI noise, not to hide instability.
Enable retries in Playwright Test
Retries are additional attempts after the first run. For example, retries: 2 means up to three executions in total: one initial attempt and two retries. Playwright’s official documentation describes retries as a way to automatically rerun a test when it fails: Retries.
Set a project-wide retry count
Add the setting to your Playwright configuration:
import { defineConfig } from '@playwright/test';
export default defineConfig({
retries: 2,
});Use the retry count appropriate to your CI runtime and diagnostic needs; the documentation does not prescribe one universally correct number.
Override retries from the command line
Run the suite with two retry attempts:
npx playwright test --retries=2The command-line option is useful for a targeted CI job or local diagnosis. Check the Playwright version installed in the project before relying on any configuration option, since defaults and available APIs can change.
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Understand what a retry result means
Playwright distinguishes between a test that passed on its first attempt and one that passed only after a retry. A first-attempt failure followed by a passing retry is flaky; a test that fails on the initial run and every retry remains failed. A flaky visual test is still evidence that the test or its environment is unstable. It should be investigated rather than counted as an ordinary pass.
After a test fails, Playwright discards that worker process and starts a replacement. If retries are enabled, the failed test runs again in that replacement worker. This worker reset helps prevent state left behind by the failure from contaminating the retry, but it does not prove the screenshot or application is deterministic. See Playwright’s retry documentation.
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Choose how retries are scheduled
Playwright documents two retry strategies, immediate and isolated. Availability can depend on the installed Playwright version, so verify support in the documentation for your version before adding this option.
| Strategy | How it runs | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
immediate |
Retries run as soon as a worker is available and can interleave with the rest of the test run. | Can provide prompt retry feedback, but other tests running nearby may contribute to interference. |
isolated |
Retries run at the end of the test run, one by one in a single worker. | Reduces interference between retries and other tests, but increases total run time. |
Consult Playwright’s retry documentation for the option’s version-specific configuration syntax.
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Make visual comparisons reproducible before adding retries
Visual regression checks compare rendered pixels, so keep the operating system and browser versions consistent between the run producing the screenshot and the run comparing it. Differences in the rendering environment can create image changes that retries will not fix. Treat an intentional UI change as a baseline or expected-change review, not as a flaky-test problem. Playwright’s visual comparison guidance covers the need for consistent environments: Visual comparisons.
Balance worker count against stability
Playwright recommends using one worker in CI when stability and reproducibility are the priority. That can lengthen the run, but limits concurrency-related interference. Teams with suitable CI infrastructure can use parallel workers or sharding for faster execution; validate that those choices do not make the visual environment less consistent. See Playwright’s CI guidance.
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Keep flaky outcomes visible in CI
Retries can reduce noise from transient failures, but a retry-passing test should remain visible as flaky. Playwright supports a failOnFlakyTests setting and a corresponding CLI option so a CI run can fail when tests are marked flaky. This lets a team preserve retries for diagnostic evidence while preventing intermittent visual tests from quietly passing the gate. Configuration and CLI support are documented in Retries.
Retain failure evidence when a retry occurs. Playwright documents enabling traces on the first retry; a trace can help show what happened during the failing attempt. Configure it in the project’s existing trace settings and confirm the syntax for the installed version in Trace Viewer.
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Separate test retries from visual-change approval
Playwright Test’s retry mechanism reruns a failed test. It does not approve a changed screenshot or update a visual baseline. If an image differs because the product UI intentionally changed, review and accept the appropriate baseline through the visual-testing workflow rather than adding retries to make the comparison pass.
For example, Chromatic documents a Playwright integration that captures page archives, uploads them to its service, and performs snapshot comparison. Its visual-testing documentation also describes baseline review and CI checks. That is a visual comparison and review workflow; it is distinct from Playwright Test’s test-runner retry behavior. See Chromatic’s Playwright integration and Chromatic documentation.
Troubleshoot retries that do not help
- The test runs only once: confirm that the command includes
--retries=Nor that the active Playwright configuration setsretries. Check that CI is invoking the expected config and installed project version. - The test passes on retry but still appears problematic: that is expected for a flaky result. Keep it visible, inspect the initial failure evidence, and decide whether to fail CI on flaky tests.
- Screenshots differ consistently: retries are unlikely to help if the difference reproduces every time. Compare on consistent operating-system and browser versions, then determine whether the UI change is intentional and needs baseline review.
- Failures vary with parallel execution: reduce concurrency or try isolated retries if supported by the installed version. If CI stability is the priority, use the one-worker approach recommended by Playwright.
- The CI run takes too long: every retry adds potential execution time, and isolated retries can extend the run further. Reduce the retry count, narrow the affected test run while diagnosing, or use parallel execution or sharding only where the infrastructure preserves reproducibility.
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FAQ
Does a passing retry make a visual test reliable?
No. Playwright labels a test that fails initially and passes on retry as flaky. It indicates instability that deserves investigation.
Does retrying accept a new screenshot baseline?
No. Retries rerun the test; baseline approval belongs to the visual comparison and review workflow.
Quick Recap
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