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To capture a logged-in page, send the screenshot API a valid session cookie in the format it accepts, scoped to the target site, then wait for the protected content to render and verify the returned image. Cookie formats differ by provider: Cloudflare Browser Run shows a JSON array of cookie objects, while other APIs may expect a formatted string. Never assume one provider’s format works with another.

Before you start: get the right cookie safely

Use a session cookie from an account and site you are authorized to access. A cookie is a credential: send only the values needed for the capture, and handle them under your organization’s credential-management rules. Do not put live cookie values in source code, logs, tickets, or examples shared with others.

The cookie must still be valid and applicable to the requested URL. Domain and path determine where a browser sends it; where the API accepts those attributes, use the scope belonging to the target site and page. A session may also depend on more than one cookie, so include the required set rather than assuming a single cookie is sufficient.

Cloudflare Browser Run: send cookie objects in JSON

Cloudflare Browser Run’s screenshot endpoint is POST https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/<accountId>/browser-run/screenshot. Its documented example uses a cookies array. Each cookie object includes name, value, domain, and path; the API reference also lists optional expiration, httpOnly, sameSite, and secure fields. Check Cloudflare’s Browser Rendering documentation and current API reference for the endpoint and supported options.

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Runnable cURL example

Replace the account ID, API token, cookie name and value, and target URL with authorized values. Cloudflare requires the API token and JSON content type; treat the token and cookie as secrets.

curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/ACCOUNT_ID/browser-run/screenshot" 
  -H "Authorization: Bearer CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" 
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" 
  --data '{
    "url": "https://example.com/protected-page",
    "cookies": [
      {
        "name": "session_id",
        "value": "YOUR_SESSION_COOKIE_VALUE",
        "domain": "example.com",
        "path": "/"
      }
    ]
  }' 
  --output screenshot.png

The example demonstrates the documented request shape; it does not imply that a cookie named session_id or the placeholder value will work for your site. Use the actual cookie name, value, and scope from the authorized session. Add optional attributes only when appropriate and supported by the current API reference.

Other screenshot APIs may require a different cookie format

Do not copy the Cloudflare JSON structure into another provider’s request without checking its documentation. Provider formats and behavior are not universal.

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Provider documentation Cookie representation Important qualification
Cloudflare Browser Run JSON array of cookie objects Its example includes name, value, domain, and path; the API reference lists additional optional fields.
ScreenshotOne Formatted cookie string with name/value and attributes such as domain, path, HttpOnly, Secure, and SameSite Its guide describes this for sites that use cookies and do not block automation, or for sites you own. See ScreenshotOne’s authenticated-page guide.
Screenshot API Semicolon-separated name=value pairs Its documentation says cookies are set on the target host before page load; its headers are host-bound and do not follow redirects to another host. See Screenshot API documentation.

Read the selected provider’s current reference for exact parameter names, encoding, supported attributes, and response format. In particular, confirm how the API handles redirects and whether it exposes the final page status.

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Choose the authentication mechanism the site actually uses

Cookies are appropriate when the target application recognizes a session cookie. They are not a universal substitute for every login method.

  • Session-cookie login: Send the required valid cookie or cookies using the provider’s documented representation and scope.
  • HTTP Basic Authentication: Cloudflare documents an authenticate object with username and password. Use it only if the target is protected by HTTP Basic Authentication.
  • Bearer or other authorization header: A custom header may be suitable when the target application accepts that authentication method and the screenshot provider supports custom headers. ScreenshotOne documents custom authorization headers as an option.

Supplying credentials in the wrong mechanism will not turn a failed login into an authenticated capture. Follow the target application’s access method and the provider’s supported options.

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Wait until the authenticated content is ready

Sending a valid cookie does not guarantee that a screenshot taken immediately after navigation will contain the finished page. JavaScript-heavy sites and single-page applications may render their useful content after the initial document load. Cloudflare warns that its default page-load behavior may return empty or incomplete results for such pages.

  • Use a documented navigation wait such as networkidle0 or networkidle2 when appropriate.
  • Prefer waiting for a page-specific selector that appears only when the protected content is ready, such as a dashboard heading or account panel. Cloudflare documents waitForSelector for this purpose.
  • Avoid treating a generic delay as proof that the page is ready; network activity and application rendering can vary.

See Cloudflare’s screenshot guide for its navigation and waiting options. Use the precise option names and request placement documented for the endpoint you call.

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Verify that the screenshot shows the signed-in page

A successful screenshot request only means the capture operation returned a result; it does not establish that the site accepted the session. Inspect the image for the expected protected content, and check the final document status when the provider exposes it. Screenshot API documentation notes that a final status of 401 or 403 can indicate the image is a login or error page instead of the requested page.

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  • If you see a login screen, check that the cookie is current, complete, and accepted for the target host and path.
  • If the request redirects, confirm that the authentication cookie applies to the destination host as well as the original URL; some provider-specific headers do not follow cross-host redirects.
  • If the page is blank or incomplete, adjust the wait condition to a selector or navigation state tied to the actual content.
  • If the image is correct but the status is unexpected, consult the provider’s response documentation before assuming the capture is authenticated.

Troubleshooting common failures

Symptom Likely cause What to check
Screenshot shows a login page The cookie is expired, missing, malformed, or not scoped to the requested page. Refresh the authorized session; verify the cookie name and value, target URL host, domain, and path; confirm the provider’s required serialization.
API rejects the request The request uses the wrong cookie shape, missing authentication, or incorrect content type. Match the provider’s request schema exactly. For Cloudflare’s example, send JSON, the required API token, and a cookies array.
Capture is blank or missing dashboard content Client-side rendering has not finished when the screenshot is taken. Wait for an appropriate navigation state or a selector that signals the protected content is present.
Authentication works on one URL but not after a redirect The redirected destination has a different host or cookie scope. Inspect the redirect destination and cookie scope. Check provider-specific redirect rules; the cited Screenshot API documentation says its custom headers do not follow redirects to another host.
Screenshot succeeds but contains an error or access-denied page The page itself returned an authorization or other error even though image generation completed. Inspect the image and final page status where available; a 401 or 403 may indicate a login/error page rather than the intended view.
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Or skip the browser setup

ScreenshotNeo is a screenshot API and MCP server. Pass the target URL and API key in one GET request:

curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com/protected-page -o shot.webp

See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options, including custom cookies and headers for pages that require them. Cookie-based access still depends on a valid cookie and the target site accepting it.

ScreenshotNeo accepts cookie and consent banners like a visitor and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; those steps can be turned off. Only clean shots are billed: bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits cost nothing, and each response reports the page verdict and billing status in headers. Its MCP server lets AI agents use screenshot tools, and 1,000 screenshots per month are free with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000. Sign up for the free plan.

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Keep credentials and costs under control

  • Use only authorized sessions, minimize the cookies sent, and protect the values as credentials according to your own secret-handling standards.
  • Do not capture more often than the workflow needs. Reuse or cache results only when the provider’s behavior and the page’s freshness requirements make that appropriate.
  • Check provider pricing and current limits before scheduling recurring captures. The documentation cited here does not establish a shared rate or cost across providers.
  • When moving between providers, recheck cookie representation, scope attributes, waits, and final-status visibility rather than copying a working request unchanged.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I pass a browser cookie to any screenshot API?

No. Providers document different cookie formats and request options, so follow the selected API’s current reference.

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Does a successful API response prove the page was captured while logged in?

No. Inspect the returned image and, if available, the final page status to distinguish protected content from a login or error page.

What should I do if the page uses HTTP Basic Authentication instead of a session cookie?

Use the provider’s supported Basic Authentication option, such as Cloudflare’s documented authenticate object, rather than sending an unrelated session cookie.

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