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In a normal Node.js project, install Puppeteer with npm i puppeteer. The full puppeteer package normally downloads a compatible Chrome for Testing browser during installation. If your package manager blocks install scripts, install the package first and then run npx puppeteer browsers install. Choose puppeteer-core only when you manage the browser yourself or connect to a remote browser; it does not download Chrome.

Choose the right package

Package Best fit Browser handling
puppeteer Most new projects using Puppeteer’s defaults Downloads a compatible browser by default and can be configured
puppeteer-core An application that manages a local browser separately or connects to a remote browser No automatic browser download; you provide a connection or executable details

The commands and behavior below reflect Puppeteer’s current documentation, including the Node.js 22.12+ requirement documented for Puppeteer 25.12.0. Version-specific browser pairings change, so check the supported-browsers table when pinning a separately managed browser.

Prerequisites and supported systems

  • Install Node.js 22.12 or newer, matching Puppeteer’s current documented minimum.
  • If you use TypeScript, use TypeScript 5.0.1 or newer. For type-checking dependencies, target ES2022 or later.
  • Chrome for Testing is documented for Windows x64; macOS x64 and arm64; Debian/Ubuntu Linux x64 and arm64; and openSUSE/Fedora Linux x64 and arm64.
  • Linux still needs the libraries required by your distribution. Use Puppeteer’s system requirements page for the current dependency list.
  • Browser extraction requires tar.exe or PowerShell on Windows and unzip on macOS/Linux, unless the optional yauzl package is available.

Install Puppeteer with your package manager

npm

mkdir puppeteer-demo
cd puppeteer-demo
npm init -y
npm i puppeteer

Yarn

yarn add puppeteer

pnpm

pnpm add puppeteer

Bun

bun add puppeteer

The install script normally downloads Chrome for Testing and the headless-shell binary selected for your Puppeteer release. The default browser cache is $HOME/.cache/puppeteer (for example, ~/.cache/puppeteer on Linux and macOS). These are downloaded software binaries; you do not buy a separate browser.

If the browser download was skipped

Corporate policies, locked-down CI runners, and package-manager settings can disable dependency install scripts. You may then have a valid JavaScript package but no browser binary. From the project directory, run:

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npx puppeteer browsers install

Alternatively, permit Puppeteer’s install script using your package manager’s documented mechanism. The exact setting differs between npm, Yarn, pnpm, and Bun, so do not copy an npm-specific option into another manager. If you change download configuration, rerun the browser-install command.

Verify the installation with a smoke test

Create smoke-test.mjs in the project root:

import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';

const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
  console.log('Title:', await page.title());
  console.log('URL:', page.url());
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}

Run it locally with:

node smoke-test.mjs

A successful run prints the page title and URL, then exits after closing Chrome. This test uses Puppeteer’s downloaded browser. For a CommonJS project, use a dynamic import:

const { default: puppeteer } = await import('puppeteer');
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
  console.log(await page.title());
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}

Install and use puppeteer-core

Use this package when your platform supplies Chrome, when a browser runs in a separate container, or when you connect to a remote debugging endpoint.

npm i puppeteer-core

For a locally managed executable, provide its path explicitly:

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import puppeteer from 'puppeteer-core';

const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
  executablePath: '/path/to/your/chrome'
});
try {
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}

Replace the example path with the actual Chrome or Chromium binary on the machine. When connecting to a remote browser, use the connection details supplied by that service. puppeteer-core does not apply the full package’s configuration or environment-variable defaults, so manage its executable, cache, and compatibility yourself.

Configure downloads and browser selection

Puppeteer recommends a configuration file for supported settings; environment variables are also available, and some settings are environment-only. Read the current configuration guide before selecting a variable or file name.

Move the browser cache

The default cache is ~/.cache/puppeteer. Set a different cache directory through Puppeteer’s supported configuration or PUPPETEER_CACHE_DIR. In CI or a container, make sure the same cache exists in the runtime image, not only in the build step. Run npx puppeteer browsers install again after changing a setting that affects downloads.

Use a custom executable

With the full package, pass executablePath to puppeteer.launch() when you intentionally use an installed browser. Verify that the browser version is supported by your Puppeteer release. Puppeteer’s current documentation surfaces an example pairing of Puppeteer 25.12.0 with Chrome for Testing 154.0.8037.57 and Firefox 156.0.1; those releases are volatile, not permanent version recommendations.

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Keep deployment environments consistent

  • Cache or copy the downloaded browser into the image or machine that actually runs the script.
  • Do not assume a developer’s home-directory cache is present in a clean CI runner.
  • Pin package versions when reproducibility matters, then review the official compatibility table before upgrading either Puppeteer or an independently managed browser.

Troubleshoot installation and launch failures

“Could not find Chrome” or a missing-browser error

The install script was probably blocked or the cache is absent in the runtime environment. Run npx puppeteer browsers install, allow the install script according to your package manager, and confirm that the configured cache directory is available to the user running Node.

Chrome downloads but will not launch on Linux

Install the shared libraries required by your distribution and architecture. The list changes with the OS release; follow the current system requirements and troubleshooting pages rather than copying an old package list.

Sandbox errors

Configure a supported Linux sandbox. Puppeteer strongly discourages running without a sandbox, so do not treat --no-sandbox as a routine fix. Investigate container privileges, kernel settings, and the documented sandbox setup first.

A custom browser reports an incompatible version

Compare the browser with the supported-browser table, then update either Puppeteer or the browser as appropriate. Set executablePath to the binary you actually intend to launch; a system may contain several Chrome installations.

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Downloads fail or extraction stops

Check network access to the download host, available disk space, and extraction tools. On Windows, ensure tar.exe or PowerShell is available; on macOS/Linux, ensure unzip is installed unless you installed the optional yauzl dependency.

Performance, reliability, and cost considerations

  • The initial installation is slower and larger because it downloads browser binaries; subsequent runs can reuse the cache.
  • Persisting the cache in CI reduces repeated downloads, but invalidate it when changing Puppeteer or browser versions.
  • Downloading the browser during an image build makes runtime startup more predictable, provided the final image contains the cache and required libraries.
  • puppeteer-core can reduce package-managed downloads, but shifts browser patching, compatibility checks, security updates, and provisioning to your team.
  • Network-restricted builds should install the browser in an allowed build stage or provide a separately managed executable; do not expect the JavaScript package alone to create a working browser.
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Frequently asked questions

Can I install Puppeteer globally?

You can install command-line tooling globally, but a project dependency is more reproducible. Add Puppeteer to the project that imports it and commit the lockfile so teammates and CI resolve the same dependency graph.

Where should browser binaries live in a container?

Place them in the final runtime image or mount a persistent cache at the exact configured path. Installing during an earlier build stage without copying the cache leaves the runtime unable to find Chrome.

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Should I use Chrome or Firefox with Puppeteer?

Use a browser listed as supported for your Puppeteer release and verify the pairing before pinning it. The supported-browser page is the authoritative place for current mappings.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I install Puppeteer globally?

You can, but a project dependency with a committed lockfile is more reproducible for applications and CI.

Where should browser binaries live in a container?

Copy the downloaded cache into the final runtime image, or mount a persistent cache at the configured path.

Should I use Chrome or Firefox with Puppeteer?

Choose a browser listed for your Puppeteer release and verify the pairing on Puppeteer’s supported-browsers page.

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