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Install openpyxl into the same Python environment that runs your script. The most reliable project setup is to create and activate a virtual environment, install with python -m pip, then test the import from that environment.

How do I install openpyxl?

The openpyxl documentation recommends installing with pip in a Python virtual environment without system packages. Python’s Python 3.14.7 guide to installing modules identifies venv as its standard virtual-environment tool. A virtual environment keeps project packages separate from other Python installations.

  1. From your project directory, create an environment: python -m venv .venv.

  2. Activate it in the terminal you will use to run your code:

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    • macOS or Linux: source .venv/bin/activate

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  3. Install openpyxl into the active environment: python -m pip install openpyxl.

  4. Verify the package and its import in that same terminal: python -c "import openpyxl; print(openpyxl.__version__)". You can also start Python and run from openpyxl import Workbook.

Using python -m pip runs pip through the selected Python interpreter, rather than relying on a separate pip command that may belong to a different installation. On POSIX systems, specify a versioned interpreter such as python3.14 -m pip install openpyxl if that is the Python version your project uses. On Windows, an example is py -3.14 -m pip install openpyxl. Substitute the version you actually run; command availability depends on the installation.

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Why do I get ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'openpyxl' after installing it?

Usually, the script is running under a different interpreter or environment from the one where pip installed the package. A successful installation confirms that pip installed somewhere; it does not establish that an IDE, notebook, scheduled task, or another shell is using that same Python.

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Check which environment has the package

Activate the intended environment and run python -m pip show openpyxl. Then test the import with the same python command. If the package is listed but the test import fails in another runtime, configure that runtime to use the project environment. You can invoke the environment’s interpreter directly even without activating it: on macOS or Linux use .venv/bin/python; on Windows use .venvScriptspython.exe. For example, run .venv/bin/python -m pip install openpyxl and .venv/bin/python -c "import openpyxl" on macOS or Linux, or use the Windows interpreter path in the equivalent commands.

Choose the interpreter in your application

An IDE or notebook may select its own interpreter or kernel. Point it to the project’s .venv interpreter, then rerun the test import inside that application. Installing from a terminal alone will not fix a runtime that continues to use a different Python.

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If pip is unavailable

Python’s installation guide suggests trying python -m ensurepip --default-pip to bootstrap pip. This may not be available or appropriate for every Python installation. Once pip is available, use it through the interpreter you intend to run.

If installation is blocked by system permissions

Prefer a project virtual environment rather than changing a protected system Python. Python warns that pip modifications to a Linux distribution’s system Python can interfere with that distribution’s package manager. A per-user installation is another option when appropriate, but the application still has to run an interpreter that can see the user-installed package.

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Should I use a virtual environment or install into an existing Python?

Option

Package isolation

System-Python risk

Key check

Project virtual environment

Project packages are kept separate from other environments.

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Avoids installing the project package into the managed system interpreter.

Run the application with the environment’s interpreter.

Existing interpreter or user site

Packages may be shared with other work using that interpreter; a per-user install scopes installation to the user site.

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System-level pip changes can interfere with a Linux distribution’s package manager.

Confirm the target application uses that interpreter and can access the installed package.

A virtual environment is the predictable choice for a project, but managed systems and applications can have their own constraints. Choose the installation location based on the interpreter the application actually uses.

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Does openpyxl need Pillow or lxml?

No extra package is required for an ordinary openpyxl import or basic workbook creation. The openpyxl documentation describes Pillow as necessary when embedding images in a workbook and notes that lxml can be useful for creating large files. These are optional capabilities, not fixes for a missing openpyxl module.

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What if the import works but loading the workbook fails?

If import openpyxl succeeds and the error occurs at load_workbook(), Python has found the package; troubleshoot the file and the complete traceback instead of reinstalling by default. The project describes support for Excel 2010 OOXML formats, including .xlsx, .xlsm, .xltx, and .xltm, but not every Excel feature. Its tutorial warns that shapes may be lost when an existing workbook is opened and saved. The documentation also says invalid OOXML workbooks may be rejected.

The openpyxl documentation page used here identifies version 3.1.3 and says its overview was generated May 29, 2024; that does not establish that 3.1.3 is the latest release. Consult the project’s documentation for its documented behavior and version details.

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