For a persistent Ubuntu installation, use the service installer included in the official Apache Solr archive. It configures Solr as a system service, normally running as the dedicated solr user. For a temporary evaluation, extract the archive and start Solr with its bin/solr script instead. Solr 10.x requires Java 21 or later; check the requirements for the release you download.
Choose an installation method
| Method | Best for | How you manage it |
|---|---|---|
| Extract the archive | Initial evaluation or a local development instance | Start and check Solr with the archive’s bin/solr script |
| Run the bundled service installer | A persistent installation on an Ubuntu host | Manage the service with systemctl; the installer uses standard Linux directories and a dedicated account |
The Apache Solr Reference Guide describes both approaches. Archive extraction is an evaluation setup, not a substitute for planning a development or production deployment. For a service installation, see the guide’s production instructions; for the evaluation route, see Installing Solr.
Check Java and download the matching Solr release
Solr’s Java requirement depends on its release. The Apache Solr Reference Guide says Solr 10.x requires Java 21 or higher. Confirm the requirement for the version you intend to install in the System Requirements guide, then install a compatible Java runtime on Ubuntu.
Choose the current supported binary archive from the official Solr download page. Use documentation that matches that release, and note the archive’s exact filename; the commands below use solr-10.0.0.tgz as an example, not as a claim that it is the latest release.
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Install Solr as an Ubuntu service
The official service installer supports Ubuntu and is bundled in the Solr archive. The following commands extract that script and run it with the archive as its argument. Replace solr-10.0.0.tgz in both commands with the exact filename you downloaded.
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Open a terminal, change to the directory containing the archive, and extract the installer script:
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tar xzf solr-10.0.0.tgz solr-10.0.0/bin/install_solr_service.sh --strip-components=2 -
Run the installer with administrator privileges:
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Confirm that the service started:
sudo systemctl status solr
The installer starts the service by default. Its documented defaults are:
/optfor the versioned Solr installation and/opt/solras a symlink to it./var/solrfor writable files, including logs and index data.- The
solruser andsolrservice name. - Port
8983.
Keeping writable logs and index files outside the distribution directory makes upgrades easier. The installer can customize the installation directory, data directory, service name, user, and port; inspect its options with ./install_solr_service.sh --help. The official production guide explains the installer and its options.
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Use the archive directly for an evaluation instance
If you do not need a system service, extract the downloaded archive and use the bin/solr script inside its directory. For example, after extracting the version-specific archive, start Solr from that directory with bin/solr start. Check the instance with bin/solr status. The local Admin UI is at http://localhost:8983/solr/ when Solr is listening on its default port.
This route is useful for trying Solr locally, but the installation guide characterizes archive extraction as an initial evaluation setup. Plan directory layout, service management, security, and capacity separately for a lasting deployment. See Installing Solr for the release-matched control-script guidance.
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Verify the service and troubleshoot startup
Check systemd status
For the service installation, run sudo systemctl status solr. If it is not active, review /var/solr/logs/solr.log for startup details. Confirm that the Java runtime meets the requirement for your Solr release and that the service is configured to use the intended port.
Check local access
On the Ubuntu host, open http://localhost:8983/solr/ for the Admin UI if the service uses the default port. If the page does not load, first verify that Solr is running and listening on the expected port. A local installation does not automatically make the UI reachable from another computer; remote access also depends on Solr’s host bind setting and network configuration. Follow the production guide before changing the bind address.
Secure the service before network exposure
Do not run Solr as root. The Apache Solr production guide recommends a dedicated account and notes that the bin/solr start command refuses to run as root. The service installer’s default solr account follows that guidance.
A fresh installation should not be exposed to untrusted networks simply because the service starts. Configure authentication and authorization using security.json, whose placement differs between standalone and SolrCloud deployments, and enable TLS before providing network access. Use the documentation matching your Solr release: Configuring Authentication and Authorization and Enabling SSL. For a Linux service, the SSL guide documents the relevant service environment settings.
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Plan capacity for the workload
There is no universal server size in the cited installation guidance. Capacity depends on the number and structure of documents, which fields are stored, and expected user load. Treat sizing as a workload-specific deployment decision rather than assuming the defaults are production capacity.
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