The Tool Desk
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const element = await driver.findElement(By.css('a.example'));
const href = await element.getAttribute('href');
Important: Selenium’s getAttribute() can fall back to a same-named DOM property when the attribute is absent. Use getDomAttribute() when you need the attribute itself, or getProperty() when you need the live DOM property. Selenium’s JavaScript WebElement API documents these methods and their return behavior.
Choose the method that matches what you need to read
“Attribute” and “property” are related but not interchangeable. An HTML attribute is part of an element’s markup; a DOM property is a value on the live element object and can reflect changes made while the page is running. Selenium’s getAttribute() has compatibility behavior that can blur the distinction: it returns the attribute when present, but may return a same-named property if the attribute is absent.
| Method | What it reads | Fallback | When absent | Where it runs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
element.getAttribute(name) |
Attribute value when present | May use a same-named property if the attribute is absent | null if neither is set |
Selenium JavaScript WebElement API |
element.getDomAttribute(name) |
DOM attribute only | No property substitution | null when absent |
Selenium JavaScript WebElement API |
element.getProperty(name) |
Live DOM property | Does not request the markup attribute | Depends on the property; may be undefined or another value | Selenium JavaScript WebElement API |
element.getAttribute(name) in browser JavaScript |
DOM attribute value | No Selenium property fallback | null when absent |
Native browser DOM API |
For an input, for example, the markup’s initial value attribute and the current value shown in the field can differ after user or script interaction. Assert the attribute if the test is about markup; assert the property if it is about current browser state.
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Get an attribute using Selenium’s JavaScript API
First locate the element, then await the WebElement call. These methods are asynchronous in Selenium’s JavaScript bindings and return promises.
const element = await driver.findElement(By.css('a.example'));
const href = await element.getAttribute('href');
if (href === null) {
console.log('No attribute or same-named property was found');
} else {
console.log(href);
}
Replace a.example with a selector matching the element you want. If you do not use await, the variable contains a promise rather than the resolved value. You can also handle the promise with .then().
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Read the attribute only or the live property
Use getDomAttribute() for the HTML attribute
Use this when a test must distinguish the attribute from a browser property, such as checking whether a boolean attribute appears in the DOM:
const element = await driver.findElement(By.css('button.example'));
const disabled = await element.getDomAttribute('disabled');
if (disabled !== null) {
console.log('The disabled attribute is present');
}
Selenium documents boolean attributes as the string "true" when present and null when absent. Check against null; do not assume the method returns a JavaScript boolean or that a missing attribute returns an empty string.
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Use getProperty() for current browser state
When the test concerns the live value of a control rather than the markup, request its property:
const input = await driver.findElement(By.css('input[name="email"]'));
const currentValue = await input.getProperty('value');
The exact property result depends on the property being read. Choose it deliberately: a property is not evidence that the corresponding HTML attribute was present.
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Run native JavaScript with executeScript()
If you specifically want the browser’s native Element.getAttribute(), pass the Selenium element into a script. Selenium makes it available as arguments[0]:
const element = await driver.findElement(By.css('a.example'));
const href = await driver.executeScript(
"return arguments[0].getAttribute('href')",
element
);
if (href === null) {
console.log('The href attribute is absent');
}
Here, the call is the browser DOM method, not Selenium WebElement’s similarly named wrapper. Native Element.getAttribute() returns the attribute value as a string, or null if the attribute is absent. See Selenium’s element information guide and MDN’s native getAttribute() reference.
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Handle missing values and boolean attributes
- Do not assume a match means a value exists. A Selenium lookup can succeed while the requested attribute is missing. Check for
null. - Do not confuse missing with empty. An empty-string attribute and an absent attribute are different; the latter is represented as
null. - Boolean attributes need presence checks. With Selenium’s documented behavior, a present boolean attribute returns the string
"true"and an absent one returnsnull. - Use the native DOM method only when its semantics are intended. It returns the attribute or
nulland does not perform Selenium’s fallback to a same-named property.
Common problems and fixes
- The result looks like a Promise. Await the method:
const value = await element.getAttribute('href');, or attach a.then()handler. - The result differs from the page’s original markup. You may have used Selenium
getAttribute(), which can fall back to a property. UsegetDomAttribute()or nativegetAttribute()when the attribute itself is what matters. - The attribute lookup returns
null. The attribute may be absent, and the chosen method may have no applicable property value. Verify the selector and the attribute name, then choose the attribute/property method that matches the assertion. - The input value is not the expected initial value. The page may have changed the live property. Use
getDomAttribute('value')for the markup attribute orgetProperty('value')for the current control value.
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