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JSON.parse() throws a SyntaxError when the text it receives is not valid JSON. Check the reported location and nearby punctuation, then confirm the input is actually JSON—not an HTML error page, empty response, or already-parsed value. The fixes below cover both malformed JSON strings and unexpected API responses.

Start by checking the exact input

Before changing code, preserve and inspect the precise string passed to JSON.parse(). A parser’s reported line, column, or position is a clue, not always the location where the mistake began: a missing quote or comma earlier in the text can make a later character appear to be the problem. Error wording and position formats vary between browsers and JavaScript runtimes. MDN’s JSON.parse error reference documents several of these variations.

try {
  const value = JSON.parse(rawText);
  // Use value after parsing succeeds.
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Could not parse JSON", error);
  console.error("Raw input:", rawText);
}

For a long payload, inspect the text around the indicated location and the preceding delimiter. If it came from a request, log or view the raw response body before trying to repair it.

Fix common JSON syntax errors

JSON looks similar to a JavaScript object literal, but it follows its own stricter grammar. RFC 8259 defines JSON’s syntax and valid values; the examples below show common ways JavaScript-like text can fail when passed to JSON.parse().

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Use double quotes for strings and property names

JSON strings and object property names must use double quotes. Single-quoted JavaScript strings are not valid JSON.

// Invalid JSON
{'name': 'Ada'}

// Valid JSON
{"name": "Ada"}

Remove trailing commas

Do not leave a comma after the last item in an array or object.

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// Invalid JSON
[1, 2,]
{"name": "Ada",}

// Valid JSON
[1, 2]
{"name": "Ada"}

Correct number syntax

JSON numbers cannot have leading zeros except for zero itself. A decimal point and an exponent must be followed by digits; for example, 1. is invalid, while 1.0 is valid. Use a complete exponent such as 1e3, not 1e or 1e+. NaN and Infinity are not JSON numbers.

// Invalid JSON fragments
01
1.
1e+
NaN
Infinity

// Valid JSON fragments
0
1.0
1e3

Use lowercase JSON literals

The JSON literals are exactly true, false, and null, all lowercase. JavaScript values such as undefined are not JSON values.

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Close every string and structure, and remove extra text

Finish every quoted string, array, and object; complete escape sequences and exponents; and ensure there is no non-whitespace text after the single JSON value. JSON text may be an object or array, but it can also be a number, string, boolean, or null. A raw line break inside a quoted string is invalid; quotation marks, reverse solidus characters, and control characters must be escaped according to JSON string rules.

// Invalid: missing closing bracket
[1, 2

// Invalid: extra text after the value
{"ok": true} done

// Valid
[1, 2]
{"ok": true}

Check whether an HTTP response is JSON

A parsing error does not prove that the server sent malformed JSON. It may have returned an empty body, plain text, an HTML error document, or other non-JSON content. Check the request’s status and actual response body in the browser’s Network panel before changing the data or parser. These are possibilities to investigate for a particular endpoint, not assumptions about every failed request.

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Use Response.json() only for a JSON response body

Response.json() reads the response body and parses it as JSON; it rejects with a SyntaxError if the body cannot be parsed. See MDN’s Response.json() documentation.

const response = await fetch("/api/data");
console.log("HTTP status:", response.status);

const rawText = await response.text();
console.log("Raw response body:", rawText);

try {
  const data = JSON.parse(rawText);
  console.log(data);
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Response body was not valid JSON:", error);
}

This diagnostic reads the body as text and parses that text once. In normal code, if the endpoint returns JSON and you do not need to inspect the raw body first, use const data = await response.json() instead. Do not consume the same response body as text and then attempt to read it again with response.json().

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Rule out a mistaken second parse

response.json() already parses a JSON response body and returns a JavaScript value. Passing that value to JSON.parse() again is not the same as parsing the original response text: JavaScript first coerces the value to a string, which may not be JSON. Check the value’s type and the exact expression that failed before adding or removing a parse call.

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Prevent malformed JSON at its source

When the source is a JavaScript value, use JSON.stringify() to serialize it instead of assembling braces, quotes, and commas manually. When the source is external text, fix the producer where possible and retain the raw payload while debugging. Do not use eval() as a workaround: it executes JavaScript and does not validate that input conforms to JSON grammar.

const payload = { name: "Ada", active: true };
const rawText = JSON.stringify(payload);
const copy = JSON.parse(rawText);

MDN’s JSON.parse() reference describes parsing behavior and related JSON APIs. RFC 8259, the JSON data interchange standard, states that a JSON parser must accept texts that conform to the JSON grammar.

Or skip the browser setup

If you are diagnosing a page whose rendered content is behind an error or consent screen, a screenshot can help you inspect what the browser receives. ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server; it is not a JSON parser and does not replace inspecting an API response body. Its one-call capture can show the rendered page:

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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webp

See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options. Cookie banners, popups, and chat widgets are removed before the shot; bot checks, blank pages, and failed loads are never billed; an MCP server lets AI agents take screenshots. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots a month with no card, and paid plans start at $5 for 3,000. Sign up for the free plan.

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