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Use Selenium’s By.LINK_TEXT to locate a link by its full visible text, or By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT to locate a link whose visible text contains a phrase. In Python, pass the strategy and text to driver.find_element(). Both strategies target links only; for other elements, choose a different locator.
Find a link by its full visible text
Exact link text is a good choice when the link label is stable and you know the complete wording. Selenium matches the anchor element’s visible text—not its href attribute.
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
link = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "Selenium Official Page")
Selenium’s locator documentation uses this example for a link whose destination is https://www.selenium.dev/. The locator identifies the element from its displayed label.
Find a link by part of its visible text
Use partial link text when a reliable fragment is known but the full label may vary. Selenium matches a link when its visible text contains the supplied string.
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from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
link = driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "Official Page")
A short fragment is convenient, but it is less specific: if several links contain the same phrase, Selenium may return a link you did not intend.
Understand what these locators match
LINK_TEXT and PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT are link-specific strategies. They do not locate buttons, headings, or arbitrary containers just because those elements display matching words. For a non-link element, select a locator strategy suited to that element, such as an ID or CSS selector.
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The language-specific syntax also matters. These examples use Python’s By constants; Selenium’s locator documentation provides examples for other language bindings, so use the API for the language in your test.
Handle duplicate matches
A singular find_element() call returns the first match in the current search context. If a broad partial phrase or repeated exact label can match multiple links, inspect the matches with find_elements() before interacting with one.
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matches = driver.find_elements(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "Account")
for link in matches:
print(link.text, link.get_attribute("href"))
After inspecting the results, make the locator more specific if possible. For example, use a unique, predictable ID when the page provides one, or narrow the search to an appropriate context rather than relying on a broad fragment.
Choose a locator that stays reliable
| Locator choice | Best fit | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
By.LINK_TEXT |
A link with a stable, known visible label | Depends on the complete visible wording remaining consistent |
By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT |
A link whose known label fragment is useful despite variable surrounding wording | A common fragment can match unintended links |
| ID | A unique, consistently predictable element ID | Only suitable when the page supplies an ID meeting those conditions |
| CSS selector | A well-written selector when a suitable ID is unavailable | Keep it compact and readable; avoid needless DOM traversal |
Selenium’s official locator guidance says that unique and consistently predictable HTML IDs are generally preferred. If no suitable ID is available, Selenium recommends a well-written CSS selector. Exact text is more specific than a substring when the label is stable, while partial text is useful when only a fragment is dependable.
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Troubleshoot a link-text locator
- No matching element: Confirm that the target is an anchor link and that the text you supplied matches its visible label or a substring of it. These strategies do not search arbitrary elements or match the destination URL.
- The wrong link is selected: A singular lookup returns the first match in its search context. Use
find_elements()to inspect candidates, then narrow the locator or its context. - A button or heading is not found: Link-text strategies apply only to links. Choose an appropriate locator for the element type instead.
- The label changes: If only part of the wording remains dependable, partial link text may help; if neither the full label nor a fragment is stable, prefer a suitable unique ID or a readable CSS selector.
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