On an existing Linux installation, first check /proc/cmdline for nokaslr. If it is present, remove that token from the system’s persistent boot configuration using the procedure for your distribution and bootloader, then reboot. A custom kernel must also be built with CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE enabled; removing nokaslr cannot add support to a kernel that was built without it.
What KASLR does—and what enables it
Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization (KASLR) varies where kernel memory regions are placed, making attacks that rely on known kernel addresses harder. The Linux kernel’s self-protection guide explains: “Since the location of kernel memory is almost always instrumental in mounting a successful attack, making the location non-deterministic raises the difficulty of an exploit.” Linux kernel self-protection documentation.
KASLR is a hardening measure, not a guarantee against exploitation. An information leak that reveals useful kernel addresses can weaken its benefit. It is also separate from user-space ASLR: changing /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space does not enable kernel KASLR. Linux kernel self-protection documentation.
For supported architectures, the kernel build-time option is CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE. The kernel command-line token nokaslr disables kernel and module base-offset ASLR when that option is enabled. Linux kernel parameters x86 kernel configuration reference
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Enable KASLR on an existing distribution kernel
For a distribution-provided kernel, you usually do not need to rebuild the kernel. Check whether the running kernel was told to disable KASLR, then follow your distribution’s instructions for editing its boot configuration if necessary. Bootloader configuration differs by distribution and setup, so there is no safe universal edit or regeneration command.
-
Check the arguments used for the running kernel:
cat /proc/cmdline -
Look for the exact standalone token
nokaslr. If it is absent, this particular disabling argument is not present; that alone does not establish that the kernel was built with KASLR support.Rank #2
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If
nokaslris present, identify the distribution and bootloader in use. Remove only that token from the persistent kernel command line by following the distribution’s documented procedure. Regenerate bootloader configuration only if that procedure requires it. -
Reboot, then run
cat /proc/cmdlineagain. Confirm thatnokaslris no longer among the running kernel’s arguments.Recommended Free Tools
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Distribution defaults are not universal. For example, Red Hat’s RHEL 7 guide described KASLR as enabled by default for that release and nokaslr as a way to disable it; that historical, release-specific guidance does not establish defaults for other distributions or current systems. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Kernel Administration Guide
Enable KASLR in a custom kernel
If you build your own kernel, enable CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE in the configuration for the target architecture and satisfy the dependencies listed there. The x86 Kconfig reference, for example, lists CONFIG_RELOCATABLE as a dependency. Do not assume x86 settings or behavior apply unchanged to other architectures. x86 kernel configuration reference
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Entropy availability also depends on architecture and boot path. Some architectures rely on entropy supplied by the bootloader through /chosen/kaslr-seed; EFI boot may use firmware random-number-generator support. Consult the configuration and boot documentation for the architecture and method you are building for. Linux kernel KASLR documentation
Build and install the configured kernel using your distribution or kernel project’s normal process, then boot it. For implementation context, the x86 kernel documentation describes randomizing virtual address regions for the physical memory mapping, vmalloc, and vmemmap, while preserving their relative order. That description is specific to x86. x86-64 memory layout documentation
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Verify the running kernel
Check both the active command line and, when you need to confirm build support, the configuration corresponding to the running kernel. The kernel documents /proc/cmdline as the interface for reading its command-line arguments. Linux kernel parameters
-
Run
cat /proc/cmdlineand confirm it does not containnokaslr. -
For a custom build—or whenever support is uncertain—check the exact configuration for the running kernel. It may be available at
/boot/config-$(uname -r)or through/proc/config.gzif the kernel provides that interface. Look forCONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE=y.
If the configuration is unavailable, the absence of nokaslr cannot by itself prove that KASLR is active: the kernel may lack CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE. Conversely, a configuration showing support does not override an active nokaslr argument.
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Quick Recap
Which path applies to your system?
| Situation | What to do | Key condition |
|---|---|---|
| Existing distribution kernel | Inspect /proc/cmdline; if nokaslr is present, remove it through the distribution’s documented boot configuration procedure, reboot, and verify. |
The kernel must support CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE. Defaults and boot configuration procedures vary by distribution and setup. Kernel parameters RHEL 7 guide |
| Custom kernel | Enable CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE in the target kernel configuration and build and install that kernel. |
Dependencies, architecture support, and entropy requirements depend on the architecture and boot path. x86 Kconfig reference KASLR documentation |
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