Use CSS Grid to make directory cards adapt to the available width, then size each thumbnail fluidly inside its card. Set a deliberate image ratio and choose whether thumbnails should crop to fill it or preserve the entire screenshot. Use accurate image dimensions to reserve space, and use srcset and sizes when you have multiple image widths to serve.
Build a grid that adapts to its container
CSS Grid controls the card layout; it is separate from how the browser chooses an image file. This pattern creates as many columns as fit, with a minimum card width of 16rem and a 1rem gap. Adjust those values to suit your design.
<ul class="directory">
<li class="site-card">
<a href="https://example.com/">
<img
src="/images/example-640.jpg"
srcset="/images/example-320.jpg 320w,
/images/example-640.jpg 640w,
/images/example-960.jpg 960w"
sizes="(min-width: 70rem) 20rem,
(min-width: 42rem) 30vw,
calc(100vw - 2rem)"
width="960"
height="600"
loading="eager"
alt="Example site's home page"
>
<span>Example</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
.directory {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 16rem), 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
.site-card img {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: auto;
aspect-ratio: 8 / 5;
object-fit: cover;
object-position: center;
}
The min(100%, 16rem) minimum lets a card shrink below 16rem when the container itself is narrower. auto-fit packs available columns and expands them to use leftover space. The example’s 8:5 ratio is a design choice, not a universal standard.
Choose whether a thumbnail crops or shows the whole image
With object-fit: cover, the image fills the set ratio and crops the overflow. This gives cards consistent image geometry, but inspect the result so important screenshot content is not cut off. Set object-position to move the visible focal area; for example, object-position: top favors the top of a web-page screenshot.
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Use object-fit: contain when the complete screenshot or logo must remain visible. It may leave unused space inside the box; a background color can make that area look intentional. Avoid forcing both width and height in a way that stretches the image. If the full content matters more than uniform filled tiles, prefer containment over cropping. web.dev’s responsive-image guidance explains these fitting choices.
Serve an appropriate image size for each card
CSS determines the displayed size. The width-descriptor srcset lists available file widths, while sizes tells the browser the expected CSS slot width under specified layout conditions. The browser uses those hints to select a candidate; sizes does not set the image’s rendered dimensions. Keep src as a fallback.
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Make the sizes conditions match the actual grid, container width and page gutters. The example is only illustrative: a rule such as 30vw is wrong if the card is not about 30% of the viewport at that breakpoint. If your layout is based on a constrained container rather than the viewport, account for that in the slot-size hints. MDN’s responsive images guide covers source selection and art direction.
Use <picture> when the image composition should change—for example, if a different crop is more useful on a narrow screen—or when selecting among formats with appropriate fallbacks. For the same image composition at different resolutions, srcset and sizes are usually the simpler approach. See web.dev’s Images guide.
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Reserve image space and load images at the right time
Give each image real width and height attributes that represent its intrinsic dimensions or ratio, even when CSS scales it to the card width. This lets the browser reserve the correct space before the image arrives and reduces layout movement. In the sample, 960 by 600 describes an 8:5 image. Do not copy those values if your source has a different ratio.
Use loading="lazy" for cards meaningfully below the initial viewport, not automatically for every image. A prominent first thumbnail should generally not be delayed; eager loading and fetch priority can be appropriate for important imagery. The browser-loading guidance is on web.dev.
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Write alternative text for the linked card
Decide what information the image contributes in context. If the image communicates something not conveyed by the adjacent link text, write concise descriptive alternative text. If the visible card text already identifies the destination and the image adds no information, use alt="" to mark the image decorative. Include the attribute either way, and avoid needlessly repeating the destination name.
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Quick Recap
Common implementation problems
- The browser downloads an unexpectedly large image: check that
srcsetcandidates have accurate width descriptors and thatsizesreflects the card’s real slot width at each condition. CSS controls display size;sizesonly informs source selection. - Images jump or cards shift as files load: set accurate intrinsic
widthandheightattributes. Keep the CSS ratio consistent with the source treatment you intend. - Screenshots lose important content:
covercrops. Switch tocontainor adjustobject-positionto retain the region that matters. - Tiles look stretched: remove conflicting fixed dimensions that distort the source; use a ratio with
object-fitfor fixed thumbnail boxes. - The first directory image appears late: do not lazy-load a prominent above-the-fold image. Reserve lazy loading for images lower on the page.
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