Choose the test-user method that matches what you are testing: create database records in your automated test setup, use a separate identity tenant for sign-in and access-control tests, or create the provider’s sandbox accounts for platform-specific features. Keep test identities out of production and assign each nonproduction account a responsible owner.
Choose the right kind of test user
“Test user” can mean a database record used to exercise application logic, an identity-provider account used to check authentication and authorization, or a platform-specific sandbox account used to test purchases or game services. These are not interchangeable. Start with the system whose behavior you need to verify.
| What you are testing | Use | Key consideration |
|---|---|---|
| Application logic or database behavior | Test records created by your test framework’s ORM or fixtures | Make setup repeatable and suited to the data shape under test. Django documents both approaches, including fake user accounts as fixture data: Django testing tools. |
| Authentication, authorization, conditional access, or identity settings | A separate identity test tenant where available | Separate test users, data, and app registration help isolate production; this requires tenant administration and may require applicable licenses: Microsoft Entra test setup. |
| In-app purchases or platform-specific services | The provider’s own sandbox accounts | Follow that provider’s account, device, region, and scenario rules; these accounts are not general-purpose app users. |
Create users for application and database tests
For automated tests, create the needed records as part of test setup rather than relying on hand-maintained accounts. This makes tests repeatable and lets each test begin with known data. Use the framework’s test-data mechanism—such as ORM-created objects or fixtures—and keep test records in the test database or other nonproduction environment.
Django example
Django’s testing documentation describes creating test data through the ORM, including in TestCase.setUpTestData(), and using fixtures. It specifically gives fake user accounts as an example of fixture data. See Django’s testing tools documentation for the appropriate setup details for your test case.
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The exact code and setup differ across frameworks, so use the mechanism documented for your stack. Do not copy production user records into tests unless you have an explicit, safe process for handling any personal or confidential data.
Use a separate identity test environment
If the test is about sign-in, permissions, conditional access, or identity configuration, test against an identity environment designed for that work rather than treating an ordinary application database record as an identity account. Microsoft recommends using a separate Microsoft Entra test tenant, populating it with test users and test data, and creating a separate app registration for testing. The guidance notes that a separate tenant helps keep production unaffected by test changes: Microsoft Entra test-environment setup.
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- Arrange a separate test tenant. Tenant creation and some administrative actions may require an administrator.
- Create test users and related data in that tenant. Invite team members as guest users if that matches the testing scenario; group or restrict users where needed.
- Register a separate test app. Avoid using the production app registration for experiments that could affect live configuration.
- Check feature licensing before testing. Microsoft’s guide says Entra P1 or P2 features require the corresponding Premium license. Confirm current service requirements for the tenant and feature.
A separate tenant is the safer default for identity testing, though Microsoft notes that some testing in a production tenant may be possible when the test app can be safely constrained. Whether that is appropriate depends on the feature and the safeguards available.
Create provider sandbox accounts for platform testing
Apple in-app purchases
For testing Apple in-app purchases, create Sandbox Apple Accounts in App Store Connect and follow Apple’s instructions for signing in on a development-signed test device. Apple says the email address must not already be used as an Apple Account, and account creation is available to users with one of the eligible App Store Connect roles listed in its instructions: Create a sandbox Apple Account.
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Apple identifies subscription renewals, payment failures, refunds, and Family Sharing among the scenarios sandbox accounts can support. A sandbox account cannot be used to sign in to or purchase from the App Store. Apple’s documentation states a maximum of 10,000 Sandbox accounts per App Store Connect account; it does not specify a year for that limit. Each account is associated with a storefront, and the tester’s country or region can be changed after creation. Apple lists 175 storefronts in the same documentation; check the current instructions for account and storefront details.
Xbox development sandbox
For Xbox title behavior in a development sandbox, use Xbox test accounts rather than regular Microsoft accounts. Microsoft says regular Microsoft accounts cannot sign in to the Development Sandbox because of security restrictions. Its examples include starting with an account that has no achievements and creating multiple accounts to exercise social scenarios: Xbox test accounts.
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Keep test accounts isolated, owned, and temporary
Do not use real business accounts as test accounts for sandbox, UAT, or DevBox automation. Microsoft warns that unintended access through a real account could expose business data: RSAT user-based authentication guidance.
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- Keep test identities and credentials in nonproduction environments, with access limited to the scenarios that need them.
- For local accounts in a sandbox tenant, maintain traceability to the employee responsible for each account. Microsoft says whether to use sandbox-local users or B2B collaboration accounts depends on the use case: Microsoft nonproduction tenant guidance.
- Disable or remove accounts when they are no longer needed. There is no universal retention period or cleanup schedule established by the cited guidance, so set one that fits your organization’s access and data policies.
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