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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11Build a small scraper as an MCP server that Codex can call: define a focused page-extraction tool, validate its URL and limits on the server, fetch only public pages, and inspect the server locally with MCP Inspector. “Web MCP” is ambiguous: the official OpenAI pages describe a documentation-only MCP service and general MCP servers, but do not identify a product named Web MCP or a built-in Codex web-scraping MCP. The tutorial below builds your own MCP server; it does not treat web search as scraping.
What you are building—and what “Web MCP” means
Model Context Protocol (MCP) lets an AI client discover and call tools exposed by a server. Here, Codex is the client; your server supplies a narrow tool that fetches a public web page and returns its title and readable text. OpenAI’s MCP guidance recommends tools that map to recognizable user actions and expose only the data and actions needed for them (OpenAI MCP server guide).
This is separate from OpenAI’s Docs MCP at https://developers.openai.com/mcp. That service searches and returns OpenAI documentation content; it is read-only and does not make API calls on your behalf. Codex can connect to it, but it is not your scraper and its setup command does not configure the server you build here.
Choose a narrow scraper operation
Start with one action: fetch a public HTML page and return its title, text, final URL, and HTTP status. Keeping the operation small makes its permission boundary easier to understand and test. This example is deliberately a basic fetch-and-extract tool, not a JavaScript-rendering browser, a crawler, or a general-purpose internet proxy.
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Respect a site’s access rules and avoid collecting sensitive or personal information. A public URL is not automatically permission to scrape it. The server validates inputs, restricts the example to HTTP and HTTPS, applies a timeout and response-size ceiling, and rejects non-successful HTTP responses. Those controls are a baseline, not a substitute for authentication, network-level protections, or a site-specific review.
Pick an SDK and prepare the project
OpenAI’s guide shows TypeScript with @modelcontextprotocol/sdk and Zod, or Python with the mcp package. The example below uses TypeScript; choose the language your team already operates. The available guidance does not establish a performance ranking between these SDKs.
-
Install a current Node.js runtime and npm, then create a project directory and initialize it with
npm init -y. -
Install the SDK, schema library, and HTML parser:
npm install @modelcontextprotocol/sdk zod cheerio. Install TypeScript and the Node type definitions as development dependencies:npm install -D typescript tsx @types/node.The Tool Desk
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Create
tsconfig.jsonwith{"compilerOptions":{"target":"ES2022","module":"NodeNext","moduleResolution":"NodeNext","strict":true,"esModuleInterop":true,"skipLibCheck":true,"outDir":"dist"},"include":["src/**/*.ts"]}. Set your package to use ES modules by adding"type":"module"topackage.json. -
Create
src/server.tsand paste the implementation below. The official MCP SDK package and installation approach are documented in the OpenAI MCP server guide; check that guide and the SDK’s current documentation for version-specific changes.Rank #2
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Implement the page-fetch tool
This server uses the TypeScript SDK’s high-level McpServer and StdioServerTransport APIs. Its one tool, fetch_public_page, accepts a URL and a maximum text length, and returns both readable text and structured fields. The handler enforces a response-size cap and timeout rather than trusting the caller’s requested limit.
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { z } from "zod";
import * as cheerio from "cheerio";
const MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES = 2_000_000;
const MAX_TEXT_CHARS = 20_000;
const REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000;
const server = new McpServer({
name: "public-page-scraper",
version: "1.0.0",
}, {
instructions: "Fetch one public HTTP or HTTPS HTML page at a time. Keep requests within site rules; do not use this tool for private data or unrestricted crawling. The caller's requested text limit is capped by the server.",
});
server.registerTool(
"fetch_public_page",
{
title: "Fetch public page text",
description: "Fetch one public HTML page and return its title, readable text, final URL, and HTTP status. Does not execute page JavaScript.",
inputSchema: {
url: z.string().url().describe("Public page URL using HTTP or HTTPS"),
maxTextChars: z.number().int().min(100).max(MAX_TEXT_CHARS).default(8_000)
.describe("Maximum characters of extracted text to return"),
},
outputSchema: {
requestedUrl: z.string(),
finalUrl: z.string(),
status: z.number(),
title: z.string(),
text: z.string(),
truncated: z.boolean(),
},
annotations: {
readOnlyHint: true,
openWorldHint: true,
destructiveHint: false,
},
},
async ({ url, maxTextChars }) => {
let parsed: URL;
try {
parsed = new URL(url);
} catch {
throw new Error("Provide a valid absolute URL.");
}
if (!["http:", "https:"].includes(parsed.protocol)) {
throw new Error("Only HTTP and HTTPS URLs are allowed.");
}
if (parsed.username || parsed.password) {
throw new Error("URLs containing embedded credentials are not allowed.");
}
const controller = new AbortController();
const timer = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
try {
const response = await fetch(parsed, {
signal: controller.signal,
headers: { accept: "text/html,application/xhtml+xml" },
redirect: "follow",
});
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`Page returned HTTP ${response.status}.`);
}
const contentType = response.headers.get("content-type") ?? "";
if (!contentType.toLowerCase().includes("text/html")) {
throw new Error("The response is not HTML.");
}
const declaredLength = Number(response.headers.get("content-length") ?? 0);
if (declaredLength > MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES) {
throw new Error("The page exceeds the 2 MB response limit.");
}
const bytes = new Uint8Array(await response.arrayBuffer());
if (bytes.byteLength > MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES) {
throw new Error("The page exceeds the 2 MB response limit.");
}
const html = new TextDecoder().decode(bytes);
const $ = cheerio.load(html);
$("script, style, noscript, svg, iframe").remove();
const title = $("title").first().text().trim();
const fullText = $("body").text().replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
const limit = Math.min(maxTextChars, MAX_TEXT_CHARS);
const text = fullText.slice(0, limit);
const structured = {
requestedUrl: parsed.toString(),
finalUrl: response.url,
status: response.status,
title,
text,
truncated: fullText.length > text.length,
};
return {
content: [{ type: "text", text: JSON.stringify(structured, null, 2) }],
structuredContent: structured,
};
} catch (error) {
if (error instanceof Error && error.name === "AbortError") {
throw new Error("The page request timed out after 15 seconds.");
}
throw error;
} finally {
clearTimeout(timer);
}
},
);
const transport = new StdioServerTransport();
await server.connect(transport);Run the server with npx tsx src/server.ts. Standard input and output are the local transport; do not add ordinary log messages to stdout, because they can interfere with MCP messages. Send diagnostics to stderr if needed.
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Security and reliability boundaries to add before broader use
Prevent server-side request forgery
A protocol-level URL check does not stop a caller from targeting loopback, private-network, link-local, or cloud metadata addresses, and redirects can lead to a different host. Before running this on a reachable service, resolve and reject prohibited IP ranges, revalidate every redirect target, and enforce outbound network rules at the infrastructure layer. Do not assume hostname checks alone are sufficient; DNS can change between validation and connection.
Bound usage
-
Apply per-user authentication and rate limits on a shared server. The local stdio sample is not an authenticated multi-user service.
-
Set limits for response bytes, extracted characters, concurrent requests, redirect count, and total work. Consider streamed response reading so a huge body is stopped before it is fully buffered.
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-
Keep secrets and unnecessary personal data out of tool descriptions, results, and logs. If a future tool performs writes or other consequential actions, require appropriate user confirmation and server-side authorization.
-
Record operational errors and latency without retaining full page bodies or credentials by default. Public internet access can fail or vary by target, so return clear bounded errors rather than retrying indefinitely.
Test the MCP server locally
Use MCP Inspector, the documented local tool for connecting to and inspecting an MCP server. Its command-line workflow can launch a stdio server; run this from the project directory:
npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector npx tsx src/server.tsIn Inspector, verify that initialization succeeds and fetch_public_page appears with the expected schema. Try a representative public HTML URL, then an invalid URL, an unsupported protocol, a non-HTML response, an oversized response, and a slow or unreachable host. Inspect the structured result, errors, and annotations. The Inspector and local workflow are described in the OpenAI MCP server guide.
Test redirect behavior and authorization boundaries as well as the happy path. In particular, validate that the deployed server cannot be induced to fetch internal services. Do not infer that a successful local test establishes permission to scrape any target site.
How do I add an MCP server to Codex?
The Docs MCP connection below is useful if you want Codex to consult OpenAI’s developer documentation. It is not the scraper server above. The documented CLI setup is:
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codex mcp add openaiDeveloperDocs --url https://developers.openai.com/mcp
codex mcp listAlternatively, the documented TOML entry is:
[mcp_servers.openaiDeveloperDocs]
url = "https://developers.openai.com/mcp"Codex CLI and the IDE extension share the documented server configuration. The Docs MCP endpoint is a documentation-only, read-only service; keep its name and purpose distinct from your own server. Configuration for arbitrary user-built Codex servers can change; consult the current Codex MCP documentation for its supported transport and configuration before connecting a custom endpoint.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Deploy only when Codex needs a remote service
For a local personal workflow, stdio avoids operating a network service. For a remote or shared deployment, the OpenAI deployment guidance calls for a stable, publicly reachable HTTPS endpoint using Streamable HTTP, with service connectivity and preserved authorization boundaries. Plan for credentials, secret storage, rate limiting, logs and metrics, availability, data residency, and a rollback path when updating the service (OpenAI MCP deployment guidance).
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| Decision | Local stdio | Remote service |
|---|---|---|
| Reachability | Runs on the developer’s machine; suitable for local use. | Needs stable, publicly reachable HTTPS for public deployment. |
| Transport | Standard input/output in this example. | OpenAI deployment guidance specifies Streamable HTTP. |
| Operations | Local process lifecycle and local debugging. | Requires service connectivity, authorization boundaries, and operational logs and metrics. |
| Data and secrets | Keep local credentials and captured content under local controls. | Plan secret management and data residency for the hosting environment. |
Common errors and fixes
-
Inspector cannot start the server: confirm dependencies are installed, the command runs from the project root, and the TypeScript file compiles. Keep server protocol output on stdout free of logs.
-
Tool list is empty or initialization fails: check that the server connects to the selected transport and that the Inspector is launching the intended file. Review stderr for startup errors.
-
“Only HTTP and HTTPS” error: supply an absolute
http://orhttps://URL, not a bare hostname or another protocol. -
HTTP status error: the target returned a non-success status. Check whether the page requires a session, blocks automated requests, has moved, or is temporarily unavailable; do not bypass access controls.
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-
Response is not HTML: this tool intentionally rejects PDFs, images, and other content types. Build a separate tool with an explicit purpose and limits if another format is genuinely needed.
-
Timeout: the sample stops waiting after 15 seconds. Confirm the URL is reachable, then consider a carefully bounded timeout adjustment rather than unlimited waiting.
-
Text is blank or incomplete: the page may render content in JavaScript, or the content may not be in the returned HTML. This fetcher does not run a browser; use an appropriate rendering approach only when needed and permitted.
-
Too many requests or inconsistent results: reduce call frequency, add per-user rate limits and bounded retries where appropriate, and account for the target site’s behavior. Do not build unrestricted crawling into a one-page tool.
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Or skip the browser setup
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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpThere is also an MCP server for Claude, Cursor, and other MCP clients. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots a month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. Sign up free for 1,000 screenshots a month, with no card required.
FAQ
Does this example scrape pages that require JavaScript?
No. It parses the HTML response and does not run browser JavaScript. A JavaScript-rendered page may therefore return incomplete or empty text.
Can I use this tool to crawl a whole site?
The example is designed for one page per call. A crawler needs additional scope controls, deduplication, concurrency limits, and site-specific rules; those are not implemented here.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors