Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteThe image shown in a browser tab is called a favicon. Add a <link rel='icon'> element inside your document’s <head>, and point href to an image that your deployed site can serve:
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<title>Example site</title>
<link rel='icon' href='/favicon.ico'>
</head>The path must resolve to the actual image URL. You can declare PNG and SVG files explicitly, provide different sizes, and add separate icons for iOS home-screen bookmarks or an installable progressive web app.
1. Add the basic favicon link
Put the favicon link in the page’s <head>, not in the body. The rel='icon' value tells the browser that the linked image is the page icon used in browser UI such as tabs and bookmarks.
<!doctype html>
<html lang='en'>
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
<title>Example site</title>
<link rel='icon' href='/favicon.ico'>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</body>
</html>A root-relative path such as /favicon.ico starts at the domain root. If the file is in a subdirectory, use that path instead, for example /assets/favicon.ico. The browser must be able to fetch the URL from the deployed site; a file that exists only on your development computer cannot appear to visitors.
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2. Choose an image format
ICO, PNG and SVG can all be declared with rel='icon'. Use the format that matches your asset pipeline, and state the format and dimensions when you publish more than one file.
| Format | Example declaration | When it is useful |
|---|---|---|
| ICO | <link rel='icon' href='/favicon.ico'> |
A straightforward single-file favicon and the canonical minimal example. |
| PNG | <link rel='icon' type='image/png' sizes='32x32' href='/favicon-32x32.png'> |
A raster icon when you have a specific pixel size. |
| SVG | <link rel='icon' type='image/svg+xml' href='/favicon.svg'> |
A scalable vector asset that can be declared explicitly. |
Keep the artwork recognizable at the small size used in a tab. If your source contains fine detail or text, inspect the actual 16–32 pixel rendering rather than relying on a large preview.
3. Declare several sizes or formats
You may include multiple rel='icon' links. Browsers use the media, type and sizes attributes to select the most appropriate candidate. If candidates are equally appropriate, the last matching link is used.
<link rel='icon' type='image/png' sizes='32x32' href='/favicon-32x32.png'>
<link rel='icon' type='image/png' sizes='16x16' href='/favicon-16x16.png'>
<link rel='icon' type='image/svg+xml' href='/favicon.svg'>Use the dimensions that are true for each file. Do not label a 16-pixel image as 32×32. If you add a media condition, it becomes another input the browser can use when choosing an icon:
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<link rel='icon' media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)' href='/favicon-light.svg'>
<link rel='icon' media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)' href='/favicon-dark.svg'>When a single icon is sufficient, the one-line ICO or PNG declaration is easier to maintain. Multiple declarations are worthwhile when you actually ship different formats, dimensions or media variants.
4. Put the asset where production can serve it
- Create the image files. Name them consistently, such as
favicon.ico,favicon-16x16.pngandfavicon-32x32.png. - Copy them into the deployed site. A root-relative link expects the file at the corresponding location on the live host.
- Add the link to the shared head template. If your site has many pages, put the declaration in the common layout so every document receives it.
- Open the exact image URL. For example, visit
https://your-domain.example/favicon-32x32.pngdirectly and confirm that the intended image loads. - Inspect the rendered HTML. View the deployed page source or DOM and verify that the link is inside
<head>and that itshrefmatches the live file location.
An image URL that works in a local preview but not on the deployed host will produce an empty or old tab icon. Check the final, public URL rather than only your project folder.
5. Add an iOS home-screen icon separately
iOS does not use the ordinary rel='icon' and sizes selection for a Web Clip. Add an apple-touch-icon link for a site saved to an iPhone or iPad home screen:
<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='180x180' href='/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png'>Apple also documents a site-wide PNG named apple-touch-icon.png in the root document folder. This relation is separate from the favicon declaration, so keep both when you want browser-tab and iOS home-screen coverage.
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6. Add icons for an installable PWA
An installable progressive web app has another icon mechanism: a web app manifest. Link the manifest from the document head:
<link rel='manifest' href='/app.webmanifest'>The manifest can contain icon objects with src, sizes, type and purpose. Those entries provide the metadata a browser needs when installing the PWA, including its name and icon. A manifest does not replace the ordinary tab favicon link; use the mechanism appropriate to the context you are supporting.
7. Framework and CMS checks
Whether you use static HTML, a server-side template or a component framework, the result in the browser is the same: a valid <link rel='icon'> in the rendered head and a fetchable image URL.
- Place the tag in the framework’s document or layout head rather than inside page content.
- Use the path format expected by your deployment. A leading slash points to the domain root; a relative path is resolved from the current document URL.
- Make sure the asset is copied by the build and deployment process. A source file that is excluded from the output directory cannot be fetched.
- If a CMS offers a “site icon” field, inspect the generated HTML after saving. Confirm that it produced a real icon link and the expected public URL.
8. Troubleshoot a favicon that is missing or outdated
The icon never appears
- Confirm that the link is in
<head>, not below</body>. - Paste the
hrefURL into a new browser tab. If it does not return the image, fix the path or deployment first. - Check spelling, capitalization and directory names. URLs can be case-sensitive on the production server.
- For several candidates, add accurate
typeandsizesattributes so the browser can evaluate them.
The browser shows the old icon
Browsers can retain favicons in their cache after you replace a file. Test the deployed page in a fresh private window or another browser. If the new image appears there, clear the site’s cached data in the affected browser and reload. Keep the same URL when possible; changing the filename can make it easier to distinguish a new asset during troubleshooting.
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Only some pages show the icon
Inspect a page that is missing it. Its head may come from a different template, or its relative path may resolve to a different directory. A root-relative path such as /favicon.png avoids that directory-dependent behavior when the asset is stored at the site root.
The wrong candidate is selected
Review the order and attributes of every rel='icon' link. The browser compares media, type and sizes; when two links are equally suitable, the later one wins. Remove stale declarations or move the intended fallback to the final position.
9. Verify the deployed result automatically
A screenshot of the live page is useful when you need to confirm what a visitor sees after deployment, especially when a cookie banner, popup or responsive layout could obscure the page. ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server; it does not add a favicon to your HTML, but it can capture the deployed URL so you can inspect the tab-page result as part of a release check.
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ScreenshotNeo accepts one GET request and returns a PNG, JPEG, WebP or PDF. Before the capture, it accepts cookie or consent banners like a visitor and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups and chat widgets; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads and cache hits cost nothing, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing result in X-Page-Verdict and X-Billed headers. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info and capture_pdf tools for Claude, Cursor and other MCP clients.
See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for all options, including full-page capture, lazy-image loading, CSS-selector element capture, dark mode, device presets, custom viewports, retina scale, PDF paper and margin controls, custom CSS and JavaScript, clicks, selector waits, delays, network-idle waits, request and resource blocking, headers, cookies, user agents, Authorization, timezone, geolocation, transparent backgrounds, resizing, cache TTLs, signed image links, asynchronous webhooks, bulk capture of up to 100 URLs per call, usage data and the OpenAPI specification. Existing parameter names used by other screenshot APIs also work, which can simplify migration.
cURL
curl -G 'https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot' -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://your-domain.example -o page.webpPython
import requests
r = requests.get(
'https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot',
params={'access_key': 'YOUR_API_KEY', 'url': 'https://your-domain.example'},
timeout=90,
)
r.raise_for_status()
open('page.webp', 'wb').write(r.content)Node.js
const q = new URLSearchParams({
access_key: 'YOUR_API_KEY',
url: 'https://your-domain.example'
});
const res = await fetch(`https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot?${q}`);
if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Screenshot failed: ${res.status}`);
const fs = await import('node:fs/promises');
await fs.writeFile('page.webp', Buffer.from(await res.arrayBuffer()));ScreenshotNeo has a free plan with 1,000 shots per month and no card required. Paid plans are $5 for 3,000 shots (Starter), $15 for 15,000 (Growth), $39 for 60,000 (Pro), $99 for 250,000 (Scale) and $249 for 1,000,000 (Business); yearly billing gives two months free, and every feature is included on every plan. Start at ScreenshotNeo, then sign up free for 1,000 screenshots a month with no card.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can the favicon link use a full URL instead of a root-relative path?
Yes. The href may be a public absolute URL or a root-relative path. Whichever form you use, the deployed browser must be able to fetch the image at that URL.
Do I need both a favicon and a web app manifest icon?
Use a favicon for ordinary browser tabs and bookmarks. Add manifest icons when your site is an installable PWA; they serve the installation context rather than replacing the tab declaration.
Why does changing the image file not change the tab immediately?
Favicons are commonly cached. Check the new deployment in a private window or another browser, then clear the affected site’s cached data if the old image remains.
Quick Recap
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