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GitHub’s private vulnerability reporting gives researchers a direct, private way to alert maintainers of a public repository—if the repository has enabled the feature. Maintainers can review incoming reports, ask questions, accept one as a draft security advisory, or close it. Accepting a report does not publish it.
What GitHub’s private vulnerability reporting does
GitHub first announced the opt-in feature on November 9, 2022, to give security researchers a private route to public-repository maintainers. Reports enter a “Needs triage” state; maintainers can bring an accepted report into a draft security advisory. The reporter may remain involved in refining the advisory or remediation in a private fork. GitHub’s announcement described the initial workflow.
The feature became generally available on April 19, 2023. GitHub’s GA announcement added organization-wide configuration and API integration workflows, and said private vulnerability reporting is free for public repositories. GitHub did not publish a broad adoption or effectiveness statistic for the feature. The post did cite a specific fix to JSON5 that triggered more than 11 million alerts; that is an example tied to that fix, not a general measure of private reporting’s impact.
How to enable it for a public repository
A repository owner or administrator can turn on private vulnerability reporting in the repository’s settings. Organization owners and security managers can also configure it across an organization using custom security configurations, where available.
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- Open the repository’s settings: Go to the repository on GitHub and select Settings.
- Find the security controls: Select Security and quality, then locate Advanced Security.
- Enable private reporting: Turn on Private vulnerability reporting. The current GitHub repository configuration documentation covers the setting and its availability.
The setting is opt-in: a public repository does not necessarily accept reports through this feature. If it is unavailable or switched off, maintainers should provide another reporting route in the project’s security policy.
How to privately report a vulnerability
When a repository has enabled the feature, open its Security and quality area and select Report a vulnerability. GitHub’s reporting guide describes the submission flow.
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The default form asks for a summary, details, a proof of concept, and the vulnerability’s impact. Maintainers can customize the form, so the fields and required information may vary. GitHub also supports API-based submissions, which can be used in integrations and automation.
What happens after a report is submitted?
The report goes to maintainers for triage rather than appearing as a public issue. They can ask the reporter for additional information, accept the report and open a draft security advisory, or close it. If accepted, the report remains private while maintainers work on the advisory and remediation; acceptance alone does not make it public. See GitHub’s maintainer guidance for managing reports.
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If the repository has not enabled the feature
Check the project’s SECURITY.md file or security policy for its preferred disclosure instructions. That policy is separate from GitHub’s reporting switch: a repository can offer instructions even when the built-in private reporting option is off. If no policy is available, look for a maintainer-provided security contact rather than posting exploit details publicly.
| Route | When to use it | How it works |
|---|---|---|
| GitHub private vulnerability report | The repository has enabled the feature. | Submit through GitHub’s structured private form or a supported API workflow; repository maintainers receive and triage it. |
| Project security policy or maintainer contact | The feature is unavailable or disabled. | Follow the project’s stated disclosure instructions. The contact method and requested details depend on the project. |
What maintainers and researchers should take from the change
For maintainers, enabling the feature gives researchers a clear, private route that feeds into GitHub’s advisory workflow. For researchers, it provides a structured submission path when the repository has opted in, but it is not universal across public repositories. Jordan Tucker, a JSON5 maintainer, said: “Private vulnerability reporting makes it so much easier for the open source community to report and fix vulnerabilities, and I would encourage every maintainer to enable it on their public repositories.” Jonathan Leitschuh, identified by GitHub as a GitHub Star, GitHub Security Ambassador, and Senior Open Source Security Researcher for OpenSSF Project Alpha-Omega, called it “a massive step forward.” Both comments appeared in GitHub’s April 2023 GA announcement.
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