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For PII-safe user incident tracking, capture structured details about when a failure occurred, which service and operation were involved, what happened, and how the event connects to related telemetry. Use a trace or interaction identifier instead of embedding credentials or unnecessary identity data. Scrub sensitive values before they cross a boundary where they must not leave, and keep detailed diagnostics out of user-facing error messages.

What metadata belongs in an error event?

Use a compact, structured event with stable field values. The names below are a practical schema, not fields mandated by OWASP or OpenTelemetry. OWASP organizes useful event context around “when, where, who and what,” while emphasizing that appropriate fields depend on the event’s purpose and the application’s architecture (OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet).

Field What it helps establish Privacy handling
timestamp When the failure occurred. If events may arrive late, distinguish occurrence time from the time the event was written. Use a consistent time format; do not substitute user content for event time.
event.name or event.type The failure class, such as a stable category for a failed dependency call. Use a bounded, low-cardinality value. Do not put submitted text or identifiers in the event name.
severity Expected impact and handling status. Choose it based on the failure’s operational meaning, not merely because an exception exists.
service.name, service.version, deployment.environment Which service, release, and environment were affected. Use known deployment metadata rather than data copied from a request.
operation or code location The route, function, module, or operation involved. Prefer a route template or stable operation name; raw URLs and paths can contain user data or secrets.
status or result Whether the action succeeded, failed, or was deferred; include a relevant HTTP status when applicable. Record the outcome, not a request or response body.
trace_id, span_id, or interaction identifier How the event joins to a trace or other events from the same interaction. Use a correlation key rather than session credentials or a raw identity value.
exception.type The exception class or type, where useful. Keep it stable and avoid embedding dynamic values in the type.
exception.message Potentially useful diagnostic detail. Include only when useful and safe; inspect, sanitize, or omit messages that could contain user values, secrets, or other sensitive data.
user.id or pseudonymous subject key Which subject is affected, if the incident workflow genuinely needs that connection. Collect only with an approved purpose. Prefer a scoped pseudonymous key when identity is unnecessary; never use credentials or session tokens.
request.method and route template Bounded request context that can help locate the failed operation. Avoid raw query strings, headers, and request or response bodies by default; they can carry identifiers, tokens, or personal content.

OpenTelemetry’s exception conventions describe exception attributes and recommend associating an exception event with the corresponding span context when one exists. The conventions conditionally require an exception message, but that does not make every message safe to export; review its content before recording it (OpenTelemetry exception conventions).

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Set severity by impact and handling

OpenTelemetry recommends FATAL for exceptions that usually shut down the application, ERROR for unhandled exceptions that do not shut it down, WARN for exceptions expected to be handled, and DEBUG for exceptions that do not indicate an actual issue. The conventions also allow INFO and TRACE where appropriate. Apply these levels to the expected impact and handling context, not as a simple label for “an exception happened.”

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What should you exclude or transform?

Do not assume that only explicit user fields can reveal personal data. OWASP advises against logging data unless it is legally sanctioned and identifies session identifiers, access tokens, sensitive personal data, passwords, database connection strings, encryption keys, payment-card or bank data, and data outside the log system’s security classification as information that should not be logged directly. Depending on context, names, telephone numbers, email addresses, file paths, and internal network details may also need special handling. When identity is unnecessary or the risk is too high, OWASP suggests deletion, scrambling, or pseudonymization (OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet).

  • Exception and log messages: They may include user-supplied values, secrets, or personal information. Inspect them instead of treating them as inherently safe.
  • URLs and paths: Raw query strings, user-specific paths, and identifiers can expose data. Prefer route templates and stable operation names.
  • Headers and bodies: Request and response content can contain tokens, credentials, identifiers, or private user content. Leave these out by default.
  • Breadcrumbs and adjacent telemetry: Sensitive values can appear outside explicit user fields. Sentry’s documentation notes that sensitive values in exception messages, log messages, and breadcrumbs may not be covered by a broad sensitive-field setting (Sentry data scrubbing documentation).

Review collection scope for the jurisdictions and user choices that apply to the application. This is engineering guidance, not legal advice.

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Where should sensitive data be scrubbed?

The right filtering point depends on the privacy boundary you need to enforce. If a value must never leave the application environment, downstream filtering is too late: the data has already crossed that boundary.

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  1. Before transmission: Filter in the SDK or an infrastructure-controlled Relay before export. Sentry documents SDK hooks such as beforeSend and Relay as options for this stage (Sentry data scrubbing documentation).
  2. At a collector or pipeline boundary: Apply controlled filtering and protect telemetry in transit and at rest. OpenTelemetry identifies PII protection and telemetry integrity as Collector security concerns (OpenTelemetry security).
  3. At the vendor before storage: Server-side rules can add protection after transmission, but cannot establish that sensitive data stayed inside the application. Sentry documents built-in and advanced server-side scrubbing and notes that stored events are generally not scrubbed retroactively (Sentry data scrubbing documentation).
  4. For attachments and replay data: Review these separately; event scrubbing may not cover them.

Use source-level minimization, a second controlled filter at the pipeline boundary where appropriate, and periodic inspection of representative events to check what the rules actually allow through. These layers do not establish that a particular implementation is configured correctly.

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How can you retain diagnostic value without exposing details?

Use the event’s operation, outcome, service version, and trace or interaction identifier to give responders a path to investigate. OWASP recommends enough detail for monitoring and analysis without logging either too much or too little; an interaction identifier helps link events from one interaction without relying on later reconstruction (OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet).

For unexpected failures, show users a generic response and retain the diagnostic details in protected server-side telemetry. Detailed error output can reveal application versions, frameworks, paths, SQL errors, or other implementation details (OWASP Error Handling Cheat Sheet).

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How should you protect and govern the event pipeline?

  • Validate and sanitize input: Treat event fields from less-trusted sources as untrusted; validation and sanitization reduce log-injection risks.
  • Restrict access and preserve integrity: Logs may themselves contain sensitive information. Protect them from unauthorized access, modification, and deletion; telemetry integrity also affects the reliability of incident response (OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet; OpenTelemetry security).
  • Define purpose and retention: Decide which events are needed, why each field is collected, who may access it, how long it is retained, and how responders use it before increasing capture. Blindly logging everything can create noise that obscures real problems.
  • Compare controls by boundary and coverage: For SDK filtering, a Relay or Collector, and vendor-side scrubbing, check when the control runs, which telemetry types it covers, whether it meets access, retention, jurisdiction, and user-choice requirements, and whether responders can still correlate the operation and trace.

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Special offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.