Use Playwright’s Python page.screenshot() to capture a page as a local image or as bytes, then use Boto3’s managed upload_file() or upload_fileobj() method to store it in Amazon S3. The example below captures the full scrollable page and uploads it under an S3 object key. Uploading an object does not make it publicly readable; access is a separate S3 configuration decision.
Capture a full-page screenshot and upload it to S3
This synchronous example saves a PNG locally, closes the browser, and uploads the file using the credentials already configured for Boto3. Replace the bucket and key with values for your S3 destination.
from pathlib import Path
import boto3
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
output = Path("website.png")
bucket = "your-bucket"
key = "screenshots/website.png"
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch()
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")
page.screenshot(path=str(output), full_page=True)
browser.close()
s3 = boto3.client("s3")
s3.upload_file(str(output), bucket, key)The full_page=True option captures the full scrollable page rather than only the current viewport. To capture just the visible viewport, omit it or set it to False. The object key is the name and path under which the file appears in the bucket; it is not a local filesystem path.
Choose what to capture and how to hand it to Boto3
Viewport, full page, or one element
- Viewport: call
page.screenshot(path="screenshot.png")withoutfull_page=True. - Full scrollable page: pass
full_page=Truetopage.screenshot(). - One element: use a locator’s screenshot method, for example
page.locator(".product-card").screenshot(path="card.png"). The locator must resolve to an element on the page.
Screenshot methods can also return image bytes when you omit the path. Choose the capture scope and image settings to suit the task; a screenshot is not automatically a repeatable visual test. Page state, content, timing, and rendering inputs can change what the browser captures.
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Local file or in-memory bytes
Use upload_file(filename, bucket, key) when the screenshot is saved to disk, as in the first example. If you want to transfer returned bytes without writing an image file, wrap them in a readable binary stream and use upload_fileobj():
from io import BytesIO
import boto3
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
bucket = "your-bucket"
key = "screenshots/website.png"
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch()
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")
image_bytes = page.screenshot(full_page=True)
browser.close()
s3 = boto3.client("s3")
s3.upload_fileobj(BytesIO(image_bytes), bucket, key)upload_fileobj() expects a readable file-like object opened in binary mode. BytesIO supplies that interface for the bytes returned by Playwright. For larger objects, Boto3’s managed upload can split the transfer into smaller chunks and upload them in parallel.
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Configure AWS credentials and permissions
Create the Boto3 client with boto3.client("s3"); do not put access keys directly in application code. Boto3 uses its configured credential provider chain, so credentials need to be available to the environment running the script, and the identity must be allowed to upload to the target bucket and key. AWS documents that an EC2 instance can obtain credentials from an attached IAM role when earlier providers in the chain have not supplied them. See the Boto3 credentials guide.
The exact permissions depend on the account, bucket policy, and deployment environment. Use an identity and permissions appropriate to your application rather than treating a generic example as a universal IAM policy.
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Uploading and making an object public are different
A successful upload stores an object; it does not configure public access. AWS says new buckets, access points, and objects do not allow public access by default, and S3 Block Public Access settings can override policies or permissions that would otherwise allow it. AWS’s Boto3 S3 bucket creation documentation recommends: “For the majority of modern use cases in S3, we recommend that you keep all Block Public Access settings enabled and keep ACLs disabled.” See the Boto3 S3 bucket creation reference.
If an application needs external access, decide deliberately how it should be granted and review the relevant bucket and organization policies. Do not add a public ACL to an upload as a routine shortcut.
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Troubleshoot common failures
- Credentials or access denied: check that the runtime has usable AWS credentials and that its identity is permitted to upload to the specified bucket and key. For EC2, verify the attached role and its applicable permissions.
- Wrong destination or missing object: confirm the bucket name and object key passed to
upload_file()orupload_fileobj(). The key determines the object’s location and name inside the bucket. upload_fileobj()rejects the input: pass a readable binary file object, such asBytesIO(image_bytes), rather than a plain string or text stream.- The image shows only the visible portion: set
full_page=Truefor a full scrollable-page capture. For a single component, use a locator screenshot instead. - The object uploads but cannot be opened anonymously: that is consistent with S3’s default private access posture. Configure an intentional sharing mechanism only if public or external access is required, and check Block Public Access settings and applicable policies.
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ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server. Its GET API can return a screenshot or PDF; the one-call example below saves an image response. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
import requests
r = requests.get(
"https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot",
params={"access_key": "YOUR_API_KEY", "url": "https://example.com"},
timeout=90,
)
open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)ScreenshotNeo removes cookie and consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, failed loads, timeouts, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers report the page verdict and billing status. Its MCP server provides screenshot tools for AI agents and other MCP clients. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots a month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots. It does not upload the result to your S3 bucket, so use Boto3 if S3 storage is part of your workflow.
Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan to get 1,000 screenshots a month with no card.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Boto3 upload_file() make a screenshot public?
No. Uploading stores the object; S3 access configuration determines whether it can be read publicly.
Can I upload Playwright screenshot bytes without saving a local image?
Yes. Wrap the bytes from page.screenshot() in a readable binary object such as BytesIO and pass it to upload_fileobj().
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