To show only part of an image in Fabric.js, assign a normal Fabric object—such as a circle, rectangle, or polygon—to the image’s clipPath property. The mask controls visibility; it does not crop or enlarge the underlying pixels. For a frame that stays still while the image moves, use an absolute-positioned clip path and build the selection controls deliberately: Fabric.js provides the primitives, not a complete Canva-style image-mask widget.
Make a basic image mask
This example loads an image into a Fabric canvas and clips it to a circle. It assumes Fabric.js is already loaded and that the page contains a canvas element with the ID canvas. The image URL must be accessible to the browser; for a cross-origin image that you intend to export, the server must also permit cross-origin use.
const canvas = new fabric.Canvas('canvas');
const imageElement = new Image();
imageElement.onload = () => {
const image = new fabric.FabricImage(imageElement, {
left: 100,
top: 80,
scaleX: 0.6,
scaleY: 0.6
});
const mask = new fabric.Circle({
radius: 120,
originX: 'center',
originY: 'center'
});
image.set({ clipPath: mask });
canvas.add(image);
canvas.setActiveObject(image);
canvas.requestRenderAll();
};
imageElement.src = 'https://example.com/photo.jpg';Replace the example URL with an image you are authorized to use. In current Fabric.js usage, raster images are represented by FabricImage. The mask is a regular Fabric object assigned to image.clipPath; it is not an independent canvas selection tool.
A clip path acts as a visibility shape: pixels inside its filled area remain visible and pixels outside it are hidden. The clip path has no visible stroke in the clipping operation. Its origin is centered relative to the clipped object by default, so the mask’s originX and originY settings affect how it aligns.
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Choose between a clip path and a source crop
These approaches solve different problems. Use the one that matches whether you need a shaped viewport or a changed source-image region.
| Need | Use | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Show an image through a circle, rectangle, polygon, or grouped shape | clipPath |
Hides pixels outside the mask. It does not automatically resize the visible pixels to fill the mask. |
| Start from a particular region of the source image, measured in its original pixels | cropX and cropY |
Specify source-image cropping. They are image crop properties, not geometric masks. |
You can combine cropping and a clip path if the design requires both a particular source region and a shaped boundary. Keep in mind that setting a mask alone does not make the remaining image fill a target frame. Set the image scale and position explicitly for that result.
Build a fixed frame with a movable image
In a typical editor, a user expects the frame to remain fixed while dragging or scaling the photo behind it. A regular, relative clip path follows the clipped object, so it is not by itself a fixed canvas-coordinate frame. Fabric.js supports absolute-positioned clipping; the documented effect is that the clipping shape stays steady while the clipped object can move beneath it.
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- Create the image and set its
clipPathto the desired frame shape. - Set
absolutePositioned: trueon the clip-path object so its placement is in canvas coordinates rather than relative to the image. - Position and size the frame deliberately, then test image movement and scaling against that coordinate model.
- Implement selection and controls so the user can manipulate the image without unintentionally moving the frame.
- When application code changes transforms outside Fabric’s normal interaction pipeline, update coordinates with
setCoords()and request a render.
const frame = new fabric.Rect({
left: 240,
top: 160,
width: 320,
height: 220,
originX: 'center',
originY: 'center',
absolutePositioned: true
});
image.set({ clipPath: frame });
canvas.requestRenderAll();That snippet shows the fixed-frame property, not a complete editor interaction system. For a production editor, a common pattern is a selectable image underneath a separate frame shell that displays the border but is not exported as part of the image, or custom controls that translate the image while leaving the frame fixed. The shell, hit-testing behavior, and control constraints are application code.
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Fabric’s standard object selection and controls support selecting objects and manipulating them, including scaling, rotation, resizing, and skewing. They do not automatically turn the visible portion of an image into a bespoke Canva-style selection widget. If the interaction must feel like selecting only the masked region, decide whether clicks should target the image, the frame, or a grouped editing object, and prototype that behavior against the exact Fabric.js version your application pins.
A maintainer discussion from January 2025 suggests using a group as the clip path together with a clip layout strategy for a Canva-like requirement. The discussion does not provide a complete implementation, so treat it as a direction to investigate rather than a drop-in recipe. Custom controls and selection event handlers may be needed.
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Use different mask shapes
Rectangle or circle
These are the simplest masks and are useful for common avatar, thumbnail, and framed-photo layouts. Construct the corresponding Fabric shape and assign it to clipPath. Set the mask origin and dimensions intentionally, then verify alignment at the image’s actual scale and position.
Polygon
A polygon can define an irregular visible region. As with other masks, it controls which pixels show; it does not automatically calculate a new scale that fills the polygon.
Grouped masks
A group can combine multiple clip objects. Group members behave with logical OR for clipping, rather than implementing SVG nonzero or evenodd clip-rule semantics. If you need holes or compound-path fill rules, do not assume a group of shapes will produce those results.
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Inversion has an additional group-level edge case: for an inverted clip group, invert the group itself. Inverting individual objects inside a clip group is not supported by the documented behavior.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Fit the image inside the mask
A mask only decides which pixels are visible. To fill a rectangular frame without empty gaps, calculate an image scale and position that cover the frame. For a simple axis-aligned frame and an image of intrinsic width iw and height ih, with frame width fw and height fh, a cover scale is max(fw / iw, fh / ih). Then position the scaled image so the desired subject area sits inside the frame. This is layout math for your editor, not an automatic effect of clipPath.
For rotated images, image and mask transforms must use the same coordinate model. Coordinate reasoning becomes more complex when the image is rotated, the frame is absolute-positioned, or application code updates transforms directly. Use Fabric’s positioning and coordinate methods as appropriate, call setCoords() after direct transform changes, mark an object dirty when required by your update path, and request a canvas render.
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Common problems and fixes
- The image is visible but not clipped: Confirm that the mask object was assigned to the image’s
clipPathbefore rendering, and request a render after changing it. - The mask is offset: Check
originXandoriginY. A normal clip path is positioned relative to the clipped object’s center; absolute positioning uses canvas coordinates instead. - The image moves the frame: The clip path is likely behaving relative to the image. For a stationary frame, use an absolute-positioned clip path and keep the coordinate management consistent.
- The frame is filled only partly: Clipping does not enlarge the visible pixels. Calculate the image scale and position needed to cover the frame.
- Grouped shapes create unexpected holes or overlaps: Group members use OR clipping behavior and do not supply SVG
nonzeroorevenoddclip-rule behavior. Redesign the mask or use a representation that supports the required fill semantics. - Inverting a grouped mask does not work as expected: Invert at the group level; inversion of individual members inside a clip group is unsupported.
- Programmatic movement leaves stale hit areas or coordinates: After changing transforms outside the standard interaction flow, call
setCoords()and render again. - An image fails to load or export: Check the image URL and browser cross-origin restrictions. A remote image server must permit the intended use if the canvas will be exported.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server, not a Fabric.js masking library; use it when you need a screenshot of a page that contains your canvas editor, rather than to implement image selection inside Fabric. One GET request returns an image or PDF. The URL below uses the ScreenshotNeo API as documented; replace the target URL and API key with your own. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot"
-d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY
--data-urlencode url=https://example.com/editor
-o shot.webpScreenshotNeo removes cookie and consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each step can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, failed loads, timeouts, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers report page verdict and billing status. Its MCP server includes screenshot, page-info, and PDF-capture tools for AI agents. The Free plan includes 1,000 shots a month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots. Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a clip path itself be selected as a separate visible object?
Not as a built-in masked-image widget. Fabric.js provides objects, selection events, and customizable controls; the editor must define how the mask and image participate in selection.
Will a circle clip path crop the source image permanently?
No. It hides pixels outside the circle for rendering. Use the image crop properties when you need to specify a source-image region.
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Can I make a group mask with a hole in the middle?
A group combines members with OR clipping behavior and does not provide SVG nonzero or evenodd clip-rule behavior. Do not rely on grouped masks to create compound-path holes.
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