Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsThe quickest first run is the Lambda console: create a function from scratch, choose a current Python runtime, let AWS create an execution role, and run the generated test event. For a repeatable, programmatic deployment, put lambda_function.py at the root of a ZIP archive and call aws lambda create-function with the runtime, handler, ZIP location, and execution-role ARN.
Create and test it in the AWS console
- Open the Lambda console and choose Create function.
- Select Author from scratch, enter a function name such as
hello-world, and select a currently supported Python runtime. AWS’s current Python walkthrough uses Python 3.14; runtime support changes, so confirm the version in the guide when you publish. - Under permissions, create or select an execution role. This IAM role is assumed by the function when it accesses AWS services; it is different from the identity you use to sign in or run the CLI.
- Choose Create function. AWS creates a basic Python function with a
lambda_functionsource module. - Edit the code if needed and choose Deploy. Create a test event, select that event, and choose Test. Inspect the returned payload and the function’s logs.
Creating the function only provisions it. A separate test or invocation is what proves that the handler executed.
Programmatically create the function with the AWS CLI
1. Write the handler
Create a file named lambda_function.py:
def lambda_handler(event, context):
return {
"statusCode": 200,
"body": "Hello World"
}
The handler setting combines the Python module name and callable name: lambda_function.lambda_handler. If you rename either the file or function, change the handler value to match.
2. Build the ZIP with the correct root layout
From the directory containing the file, run:
zip function.zip lambda_function.pyThe archive should contain lambda_function.py at its top level, not inside an enclosing project directory. With dependencies, install them into the same archive root or use a Lambda layer. AWS explains the layout and packaging rules in Working with .zip file archives for Python Lambda functions.
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3. Create the Lambda function
With AWS CLI credentials configured, substitute your real account ID and role name in this command:
aws lambda create-function
--function-name hello-world
--runtime python3.14
--handler lambda_function.lambda_handler
--role arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT_ID:role/ROLE_NAME
--zip-file fileb://function.zipThe ZIP package, runtime, handler, and execution role are required inputs for this form of create-function; see the AWS CLI reference. The CLI identity must be allowed to create Lambda functions and pass the specified role. Do not replace the role with broad administrator access merely to make the command succeed.
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Use a runtime that AWS currently supports in your Region. The AWS Python guide lists Python 3.13 deprecation on June 30, 2029, create blocking on July 31, 2029, and update blocking on August 31, 2029; for Python 3.12 it lists October 31, November 30, 2028, and January 10, 2029 respectively. Verify the current runtime table before choosing a version.
Invoke the function after creation
Provisioning is not an invocation. Run a test separately, either with the console’s test event or with the CLI:
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aws lambda invoke
--function-name hello-world
--payload '{"name":"reader"}'
response.json
cat response.jsonDepending on your AWS CLI version and shell, you may need to encode the payload as base64 or use the CLI’s raw-in-base64-out option. A successful response should contain the JSON returned by lambda_handler. For execution details and errors, inspect the function’s CloudWatch Logs group.
Choose the packaging and deployment route
| Route | Best for | What you must provide | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lambda console | A quick first function and interactive test | Function name, supported runtime, and an execution role | Lowest setup overhead, but changes are less repeatable |
| AWS CLI | An explicit scripted creation operation | Credentials, permission to pass the role, ZIP archive, runtime, handler, and role ARN | Repeatable commands, but every input must be correct |
| AWS SAM or CloudFormation | Team deployments and infrastructure in source control | A YAML or JSON template plus the SAM or CloudFormation workflow | Most repeatable, with more initial tooling and template setup |
ZIP-based deployment is appropriate for this no-dependency example. AWS also supports container-image packages, but an image build and registry workflow add unnecessary complexity for a single Hello World function.
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ZIP size and S3 rules
- A ZIP deployment package has a 250 MB maximum unzipped size, including layers.
- A local ZIP can be uploaded directly when it is below 50 MB; larger packages should be uploaded to Amazon S3.
- For an S3-based CLI upload, the S3 bucket must be in the same AWS Region as the Lambda function.
These limits and upload choices are documented in AWS’s Python packaging guide and ZIP deployment guide. A dependency-free Hello World file is far below both limits.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Troubleshoot the common failures
“Unable to import module” or handler not found
- Confirm the archive root contains
lambda_function.py, rather thanproject/lambda_function.py. - Confirm the configured handler is exactly
lambda_function.lambda_handler. - Check capitalization and spelling; module and function names are case-sensitive.
- If you added dependencies, verify they were installed into the ZIP root or supplied through a compatible layer.
Role or permission errors during creation
Check that the role ARN exists, trusts the Lambda service, and that the CLI identity can pass it. The role controls the function’s access to AWS services; add only the service permissions the function actually needs.
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The function was created but the test fails
Invoke it separately, inspect the returned error and CloudWatch Logs, and compare the event shape with what your handler expects. Creation success does not validate application logic.
Make the deployment repeatable with a template
For more than a one-off experiment, define the function in AWS SAM or CloudFormation. SAM templates describe the function and packaging settings in YAML or JSON, and the SAM CLI can build, package, and deploy them. CloudFormation provides the underlying infrastructure resource model. Start with the CLI sequence above to understand the required runtime, handler, code package, and role; move to a template when those settings need to be reviewed, versioned, and reused. AWS’s CreateFunction API documents the same core function properties.
Quick Recap
Checklist before you run the command
- A supported Python runtime is selected.
lambda_function.pydefineslambda_handler(event, context).- The ZIP contains the handler file at its root.
- The handler value matches the module and callable.
- An execution-role ARN is available and the CLI identity can pass it.
- Your AWS Region and credentials are configured.
- You have planned a separate invocation or console test.
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