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No. Calling insects “poor people’s food” turns a varied set of food traditions into a misleading stereotype. In many communities, edible insects are familiar foods or delicacies, and FAO says that in most countries people eat them by choice rather than necessity. Insects can also help provide food or income and buffer seasonal shortages in particular places—so poverty and food insecurity may matter, but they do not explain insect eating everywhere.

Why the stereotype is misleading

Entomophagy—the practice of eating insects—is found in many countries, especially in parts of Asia, Africa and Latin America. FAO’s overview of insects for food and feed says approximately 2 billion people have diets supplemented by insects and lists more than 1,900 edible insect species. Those are FAO’s overview figures; they are not a current count of insect eaters by income group.

FAO’s 2013 book, Edible insects: Future prospects for food and feed security, says that in most countries insect consumption is a matter of choice rather than survival. Its wording matters: “most countries” does not mean that no household ever relies on insects because other food is scarce.

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FAO’s Insects for Food page calls the idea that people resort to insects because of hunger an erroneous Western perception, noting that insects are often considered delicacies in their places of origin. That does not make insects a delicacy in every community, or rule out food insecurity as a factor in particular circumstances.

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How insects can fit into diets and livelihoods

The role insects play depends on the community, species, season, access and preparation. A particular insect may be an ordinary food, a valued delicacy, a seasonal fallback, or something collected partly for sale. Wild gathering and farming are also different ways of obtaining insects; neither describes every local food system.

FAO’s 2014 study of edible insects in Lao PDR discusses wild collection and traditional knowledge alongside food-safety and marketing issues. FAO’s 13 September 2022 feature describes caterpillars as a seasonal food for the Ngandu people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Such examples show how insects can contribute to local diets and livelihoods; they should not be generalized into a claim about all people who eat insects.

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FAO’s 2013 book also cites an estimate that 350 million of the world’s poorest people, including 60 million Indigenous people, depended on forests and trees for daily subsistence and long-term survival. That is contextual evidence about forest dependence, not a count of insect eaters.

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What the evidence does—and does not—show about income

The cited FAO sources describe cultural acceptance, food-security roles and livelihood examples, but they do not establish a global comparison of insect consumption by income group. Their figures on people whose diets include insects and on edible species do not tell us whether poorer or wealthier people are more likely to eat them. “Poor people’s food” is therefore not a reliable general description.

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A more accurate account asks what a food means in a specific place: Is it eaten routinely, prized as a delicacy or gathered seasonally? Is it kept for household meals, sold for income or both? Is it collected in the wild or farmed? Those distinctions explain more than a broad label based on income.

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Traditional food still needs safe handling

A food tradition does not make every insect or preparation method safe. FAO’s material flags safety and hygiene across harvesting and the food value chain. Species identification, harvesting conditions, handling, processing and local rules all matter. Do not eat unidentified wild insects or assume that a species or preparation is safe simply because insects are eaten in a nearby community.

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The FAO publications cited here discuss safety principles, but they do not provide jurisdiction-specific, current instructions for consumers. For a particular product, follow applicable local regulations and reliable food-safety guidance.

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