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To use NATS with .NET Aspire, add a named NATS resource to the AppHost, reference it from each consuming project, and configure each app to connect. For C# consumers, the Aspire.NATS.Net integration registers an INatsConnection for dependency injection. Other languages can use connection details Aspire provides through environment variables.

How Aspire connects your apps to NATS

Aspire has two integration pieces: the AppHost models NATS as a resource, and each consumer references that resource. Aspire then supplies connection information to the consumer. The hosting integration uses a NATS container for local development; it does not mean Aspire operates your production NATS service. Production hosting and deployment are separate decisions.

As the Microsoft Aspire getting-started documentation puts it, “The Aspire NATS integration lets you model a NATS server as a first-class resource in your AppHost, then hand the connection information to any consuming app — regardless of language.”

Add a NATS resource to the AppHost

Install the hosting integration in the AppHost project. The Aspire documentation shows the CLI command aspire add nats; you can also add the Aspire.Hosting.Nats package manually. The package version shown in a documentation example is not a guarantee of the latest release, so select a version compatible with your Aspire setup.

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  1. In the AppHost project, add the NATS hosting integration using aspire add nats or a compatible Aspire.Hosting.Nats package reference.

  2. Declare a named resource in the AppHost, for example: var nats = builder.AddNats("nats");

  3. Reference it from each application that needs to publish or receive messages: builder.AddProject<Projects.Consumer>("consumer").WithReference(nats); Adapt the project type and resource name to your solution.

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The name nats identifies the resource; consumers use that same name when registering the C# client or reading the corresponding injected properties. The hosting reference documents the resource API and local-development behavior.

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Connect a C# consumer through dependency injection

For a C# app following Aspire conventions, use the client integration. Add the Aspire.NATS.Net package to the consuming project and register the client in its service setup:

  1. Add the compatible Aspire.NATS.Net package to the consumer project.

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  2. Register the client with the AppHost resource name: builder.AddNatsClient(connectionName: "nats");

  3. Inject INatsConnection into the service that publishes or subscribes to messages.

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For example, a service constructor can accept INatsConnection as a dependency. The integration registers that connection with dependency injection when the name passed to AddNatsClient matches the AppHost resource name. See the client integration reference for its configuration and registration details.

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Connect through environment variables or custom client wiring

Consuming apps also receive connection properties, which makes the resource usable from other languages or from C# code that configures NATS.Net directly rather than using the Aspire DI integration. Aspire property variables follow the pattern [RESOURCE]_[PROPERTY]. For a resource named nats, documented properties include:

  • NATS_URI
  • NATS_HOST
  • NATS_PORT
  • NATS_USERNAME
  • NATS_PASSWORD

The documented URI format is nats://{Username}:{Password}@{Host}:{Port}. Read the injected URI, such as NATS_URI, in the consumer and pass it to the NATS client library used by that app. If you build the URI from individual properties, account for special characters in credentials; the client reference includes an example of percent-encoding a special character in a password. Do not hard-code credentials in production code: use the configuration and secret-handling mechanisms appropriate to your deployment.

Approach Language and wiring Health checks and tracing
Aspire client integration For C#; registers INatsConnection through dependency injection using the matching resource name. Enables the integration’s health check and OpenTelemetry tracing by default; both can be disabled through settings.
Injected environment variables Works for consumers in other languages and for custom NATS.Net connection wiring; the application reads the URI or individual properties and configures its own client. The Aspire.NATS.Net client integration’s automatic health-check and tracing setup is not provided by this connection path; configure appropriate observability in the application and client you choose.
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Configure health checks, tracing, and client settings

The C# client integration can take configuration from a connection string, Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration under Aspire:Nats:Client, or an inline settings delegate. Use the form that suits your application’s configuration conventions, and consult the client reference for the options available in the package version you install.

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By default, the integration adds a health check that verifies the NATS instance is reachable and can execute commands. It participates in the consuming app’s /health endpoint. The integration also configures OpenTelemetry tracing; the client documentation identifies activities named NATS and NATS.Net. Health checks and tracing can be disabled through client settings when needed. These documented behaviors do not establish a complete production observability configuration: check the chosen Aspire and NATS.Net versions and configure the monitoring appropriate to your deployment.

Use JetStream when you need persistent streaming

The Aspire overview documents JetStream support and points to WithJetStream and a data volume for retaining data across container restarts. JetStream is the relevant choice when your application needs streaming persistence rather than only transient message delivery. Consult the hosting reference for the exact API and deployment choices available in your Aspire version; the overview alone does not specify every storage or production deployment detail.

Check package and runtime compatibility

Aspire and NATS.Net versions evolve independently, so verify their compatibility before choosing package versions. The Aspire documentation’s aspire.config.json example shows Aspire.Hosting.Nats version 13.3.0, but that is an example, not a current-version recommendation. The NATS .NET repository describes v3 as released and lists support for netstandard2.0, netstandard2.1, net8.0, and net10.0. Check the repository and package compatibility information for the releases you plan to use; these version and framework details can change.

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