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Use NETWORKDAYS to count working days between two dates when Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Add a holiday range to exclude specific dates; use NETWORKDAYS.INTL when your weekend pattern differs. Both functions count eligible working-day endpoints, including the start and end dates.
Count working days with a Saturday–Sunday weekend
Enter the start and end dates in cells, then use NETWORKDAYS. For example, if the dates are in A2 and B2:
=NETWORKDAYS(A2,B2)The function returns whole working days between the dates, excluding Saturdays and Sundays by default. It counts both endpoints if they are working days, so the result is inclusive rather than the elapsed date difference with weekends simply removed. See Microsoft’s NETWORKDAYS documentation.
Exclude holidays from the count
Put each applicable holiday date in its own cell, then pass the holiday range as the third argument. For holidays in H2:H10:
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=NETWORKDAYS(A2,B2,H2:H10)Excel excludes a listed date only when it falls inside the interval and would otherwise be a working day. The function does not choose a country, organization, or employee holiday calendar for you, so make sure the range contains the dates that apply to the schedule being counted. A holiday list is supplied data, not an automatically updated calendar. Microsoft’s function documentation explains the holidays argument and date requirements.
Use a custom weekend schedule
For a schedule whose nonworking days are not Saturday and Sunday, use NETWORKDAYS.INTL:
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=NETWORKDAYS.INTL(start_date,end_date,weekend,[holidays])For example, to treat Sunday and Monday as the weekend and also exclude the dates in H2:H10:
=NETWORKDAYS.INTL(A2,B2,2,H2:H10)The third argument sets the weekend, and the optional fourth argument supplies holidays. Microsoft also supports a seven-character weekend string whose positions run Monday through Sunday: 1 means nonworking and 0 means working. For example, 0000011 marks Saturday and Sunday as nonworking. The string must contain seven 0s or 1s, cannot mark all seven days as nonworking, and the function supports weekend patterns with one or two nonworking days. For numeric weekend codes and additional examples, see Microsoft’s NETWORKDAYS.INTL documentation. Microsoft’s date-difference guide also demonstrates the holidays range as the fourth argument.
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Prepare dates and choose the right function
- Enter the start and end dates in separate cells.
- Use actual Excel date values rather than ambiguous text. Microsoft recommends creating dates with
DATE(year,month,day)or using formula results; unparsed text can cause errors. See Microsoft’s NETWORKDAYS documentation. - Enter applicable holidays as date values in separate cells, then select that range in the formula.
- Choose
NETWORKDAYSfor a Saturday–Sunday weekend, orNETWORKDAYS.INTLfor a custom weekend. The holidays argument is third inNETWORKDAYSand fourth inNETWORKDAYS.INTL.
| What you need | Function | Key arguments |
|---|---|---|
| Count days with a Saturday–Sunday weekend | NETWORKDAYS |
Start date, end date, optional holidays |
| Count days with a custom weekend | NETWORKDAYS.INTL |
Start date, end date, weekend pattern or code, optional holidays |
| Find a date a number of workdays before or after a date | WORKDAY or WORKDAY.INTL |
Starting date, number of workdays, optional holidays; the international version also supports a custom weekend |
Use WORKDAY or WORKDAY.INTL when you need a resulting date after moving a specified number of working days, rather than a count between two dates. See Microsoft’s WORKDAY and WORKDAY.INTL documentation.
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Handle reversed dates and troubleshoot errors
- Reversed interval:
NETWORKDAYS.INTLaccepts a start date later than the end date and returns a negative count. If a report must always show a positive number, reorder the dates or useABSaround the result; that changes how the interval is presented, not its direction. Microsoft documents a reversed example in its NETWORKDAYS.INTL reference. #VALUE!result: Check that both date arguments are valid Excel dates rather than text Excel cannot parse. Microsoft lists#VALUE!for invalid date arguments in its NETWORKDAYS reference.- Unexpected count: Confirm whether a working start or end date should be included; eligible endpoints count. Also check that the holiday range contains actual dates for the relevant year and schedule.
- Invalid custom weekend: For a string pattern, verify it has exactly seven characters, uses only 0 and 1, and does not mark every day nonworking. For numeric codes, check the supported values in Microsoft’s reference.
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