The Open Graph Protocol (OGP) is a set of HTML metadata properties that describes a webpage so social platforms and other services can create a rich link preview. Add its tags to the page’s <head>; the four required properties identify the page’s title, type, representative image and canonical URL.
What Open Graph Protocol does
Open Graph metadata describes a webpage as an object in a social graph. It can supply information used in a shared-link preview, such as a title, image and description. It does not create the webpage or the image; it tells a consuming service what information represents the page.
The Open Graph Protocol specification describes its purpose this way: “The Open Graph protocol enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.” Open Graph Protocol specification
The four required Open Graph properties
The specification identifies four properties as required. Place them in the page’s HTML <head>:
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| Property | What it describes |
|---|---|
og:title |
The title of the page or object. |
og:type |
The kind of object, such as website, article or video.movie. |
og:image |
The URL of a representative image. |
og:url |
The canonical URL that serves as the object’s permanent identifier in the graph. |
Basic HTML example
<html prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<meta property="og:title" content="Page title">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/page">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/share-image.jpg">
<meta property="og:description" content="A short page description.">
</head>
</html>This generic example includes the four required properties and an optional description. Replace the example values with information and publicly reachable image and page URLs that represent your actual content.
Optional properties that add context
The specification lists several optional properties that can provide additional information:
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og:description: a one- or two-sentence description of the object.og:site_name: the name of the overall site.og:locale: the locale, withen_USgiven as the default.- Alternate locale properties, plus
og:audioandog:videofor relevant media.
For images, optional structured properties include og:image:secure_url, og:image:type, og:image:width, og:image:height and og:image:alt. The specification recommends that og:image:alt describe what is in the image rather than act as a caption.
Choose a type and canonical URL that match the page
Set an appropriate object type
Choose a type that fits the content—for example, website, article or video.movie. Some types have related properties, including publication and modification times for articles. Custom types can use a namespace. The specification says an unmarked-up webpage should be treated as website.
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Use the intended canonical URL
Set og:url to the canonical URL you want associated with the object, not an incidental URL variant if the publisher intends a different canonical address. This value is the object’s permanent graph identifier according to the specification.
How repeated properties are handled
The protocol permits multiple values by repeating a meta tag. When values conflict, the first value in document order is preferred. Do not assume that later tags override earlier ones.
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Structured image properties should follow their og:image root tag. If another og:image root follows, its structured properties belong to that new image group. Keep each image’s descriptive and technical properties next to the root they describe.
Open Graph and platform-specific card metadata
Open Graph is not necessarily a complete substitute for platform-specific metadata. A Google web.dev guide shows Twitter Card tags using separate name="twitter:…" properties alongside Open Graph tags. That guide was last updated on 2014-10-07, so its platform-specific examples are historical context, not a guarantee of current requirements or behavior. Google web.dev’s social preview image guide
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Check how a page appears on each service where it will be shared, and consult that service’s current documentation for its supported metadata and validation tools.
Common implementation mistakes
- Leaving out a required property: include
og:title,og:type,og:imageandog:url. - Using the wrong object URL: make sure
og:urlmatches the canonical object URL you intend. - Forgetting image alt text: consider adding
og:image:altto describe the image. - Misunderstanding duplicate tags: the first conflicting value takes precedence, so check document order.
- Assuming one metadata format covers every platform: verify current platform guidance rather than relying on an old platform-specific example.
How to inspect an Open Graph preview
The Open Graph Protocol site lists Facebook Object Debugger as Facebook’s parser and debugger. Tool availability and service behavior can change, so check current official documentation before relying on a particular validation workflow. A parser can help inspect metadata, but a preview is not guaranteed to look identical on every platform.
For a developer workflow, a rendered page screenshot can also make it easier to inspect what a URL displays. ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server; it can capture a page as an image or PDF, but it does not replace platform-specific metadata validation.
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