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1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesAs of 7 October 2026, Switzerland’s ban on granting general licences for new nuclear power plants remains the operative rule in the available official record. Parliament voted in June 2026 to repeal that ban, but the vote does not itself authorize a plant, and the sources available do not confirm that the amendment has taken effect. If the law changes, a project would still need separate general, construction and operating licences.
Can Switzerland approve a new nuclear power plant now?
Not under the current operative rule: the Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) says new general licences have been prohibited since 1 January 2018. A general licence is the first major authorization in the ordinary approval route for a new plant. SFOE: Nuclear energy in Switzerland
On 19 June 2026, both chambers of Parliament adopted an indirect counterproposal to the “Stop the blackout” initiative that would repeal the statutory ban. Parliament reported that opponents had announced a referendum and that the public would have the last word. The official records available as of 7 October 2026 do not establish the referendum outcome or the amendment’s commencement, so the parliamentary vote should not be treated as the repeal already being in force. Parliament: affair record Parliament: news report, 19 June 2026
The counterproposal would remove a legal barrier; it would not choose a site, approve a reactor design, commit a utility to build, or settle project financing. Even after repeal, a proposed plant would have to go through the project-specific licensing process.
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What are the three licences in the ordinary approval route?
Switzerland’s route separates approval in principle, permission to build and permission to operate. ENSI, the independent nuclear safety regulator, assesses nuclear safety; other federal and cantonal authorities consider matters within their responsibilities. ENSI’s 2025 national report describes the following stages. ENSI: Switzerland’s Tenth National Report to the Convention on Nuclear Safety
| Licence | What it establishes | Assessment and decision |
|---|---|---|
| General licence | Site, purpose, essential features of the proposed installation and maximum permissible public radiation dose. | ENSI reviews the application and documents its assessment in a Safety Evaluation Report; the Federal Nuclear Safety Commission may also evaluate that report. The Federal Council decides, subject to ratification by Parliament. |
| Construction licence | Licence holder, location, capacity or thermal output, main technical features and an outline of emergency protection. | ENSI assesses safety and other offices review their areas. The SFOE drafts the licence and the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC) issues it. |
| Operating licence | Authorized capacity, release limits, environmental monitoring, and safety, security and emergency measures. | ENSI assesses the safety case. The licensing process is essentially similar to that for a construction licence. |
General licence: assess the project in principle
The application includes information on the site and project, radiation exposure, organization and personnel, an environmental impact report, planning compliance and a decommissioning concept. The licence frames the proposed installation; it is not permission to begin construction.
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Construction licence: assess the detailed build
The application includes a Safety Analysis Report, environmental and spatial-planning reports, quality management, emergency preparedness and a decommissioning plan. The canton and public are involved alongside the federal review.
Operating licence: establish conditions before operation
A plant cannot operate on the strength of a general or construction licence alone. The operating licence sets its authorized operating conditions, including capacity, release limits, monitoring and required safety, security and emergency measures.
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How do public participation and appeals work?
General-licence stage
The application and federal and cantonal reviews are published for a three-month consultation period. Anyone may raise objections during that period. After the Federal Council decides, Parliament must ratify the general licence; it may then be subject to an optional nationwide referendum.
Construction and operating licences
Applications and assessment reports are also made public, and people entitled to participate may object. ENSI says licensing decisions other than general licences can be challenged in court. These are project-level participation and appeal opportunities; they are distinct from a nationwide referendum on the statutory amendment.
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Coordinated review
Under the “concentrated decision procedure,” the authority with primary responsibility leads the process and considers the opinions of other authorities rather than requiring parallel final decisions from every office. ENSI handles nuclear safety, while environmental-protection and spatial-planning authorities assess their respective matters.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Why was the ban introduced, and what does it mean for existing plants?
After the Fukushima Dai-ichi accident in March 2011, DETEC suspended three applications for new general licences. Operators withdrew those applications at the end of 2016. Voters accepted the revised Federal Energy Act in May 2017, and the prohibition on new general licences took effect on 1 January 2018. The Swiss Parliament reported that 58% of the electorate supported the Energy Strategy 2050 vote. Parliament: Energy policy
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The ban on new general licences is not a fixed shutdown deadline for Switzerland’s existing plants. The SFOE says they have no legally fixed service-life deadline and may continue operating while safe, as determined by ENSI. SFOE: Nuclear energy in Switzerland
Does a low-hazard research reactor use a different route?
Swiss law provides an exception to the general-licence requirement for a nuclear installation classified as having low hazard potential. That does not mean no approval is needed: ENSI says such an installation still requires construction and operating licences, as well as ENSI technical approvals, and must meet safety and security requirements. ENSI: BALDER
ENSI’s BALDER page describes PSI’s plan, in collaboration with Copenhagen Atomics, to test a molten-salt reactor for a limited period at reduced power of one megawatt thermal. ENSI said PSI intended to submit application documents in the second half of 2026 at the earliest. This describes a proposed research test, not an approved commercial power station or evidence that a commercial plant can bypass the ordinary route.
What safety standard governs a nuclear installation?
Article 5(1) of the Nuclear Energy Act, as reproduced in Switzerland’s Tenth National Report to the Convention on Nuclear Safety, states that “preventive and protective measures must be taken in accordance with internationally accepted principles” for the design, construction and operation of nuclear installations. That requirement informs safety review across the licensing route; it does not substitute for any of the required licences.
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