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How to make a bookmark in HTML
For example, this link points to a heading farther down the same page:
<p>Go to <a href="#carrot">the carrot cake cracker section</a>.</p>
<h2 id="carrot">Carrot Cake Crackers</h2>
<p>These are the ingredients you need.</p>The id names the destination. The link’s fragment—the part after #—must match that ID exactly. When followed, the browser navigates to the element with that ID.
Where should the ID go?
Attach the ID to the existing element that best represents the place readers should land. A section heading is often the clearest destination; a paragraph or a table cell can also carry the ID when that is the intended target.
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For example, to link directly to a cell in a table:
<table>
<tr>
<td id="shipping">Shipping details</td>
</tr>
</table>A same-page link to that cell would use <a href="#shipping">Shipping details</a>. The HTML Standard describes an element’s unique identifier as a way to link to a specific part of a document using a fragment: WHATWG HTML Standard: Elements in the DOM.
How to link to a bookmark from another page
Append the fragment to the destination page’s URL. For example, https://example.test/recipe#carrot opens the recipe page at the element whose ID is carrot. Replace the example address and fragment with the actual page URL and destination ID.
Rules for choosing an ID
- Give the destination a non-empty
id. - Use each ID only once within its element tree. Duplicate IDs make the destination ambiguous and violate the uniqueness requirement in the HTML Standard.
- Make the fragment in the link match the destination ID exactly, including capitalization.
- Prefer an ID that describes the destination, such as
ingredientsorshipping, so the markup is easy to understand and maintain.
The standard’s requirements for IDs are documented in its section on global attributes.
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Should you add an empty anchor or div?
Usually, no. If a heading, paragraph, or table cell is already the destination, its own id does the job without adding an empty element solely to hold the bookmark. Use a separate element only when the desired landing point cannot sensibly be represented by an existing element.
Should you use the old name attribute?
For contemporary HTML, use id on the destination element and link to it with a fragment. A 2014 SitePoint discussion mentions older advice about named anchors and legacy browser support, but that historical context is not the basis for the modern pattern. The current HTML Standard supports ID-based fragment links.
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