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An SRT subtitle file is a plain-text document containing numbered captions and the times they should appear. You can create one in any plain-text editor: add each caption’s start and end time, write its text, separate it from the next caption with a blank line, then save the file as UTF-8 with an .srt extension. Play it with the video to check timing and text.
What an SRT file contains
SRT, or SubRip, is a text sidecar file: a media player reads its timecodes to synchronize subtitle text with a video or audio track. A basic cue consists of a sequence number, a start and end timecode, the caption text, and a blank line before the next cue. YouTube’s supported subtitle and closed caption files guidance shows this structure.
Create an SRT file in a text editor
- Open a plain-text editor. Basic SRT files can be edited in plain-text software; avoid a word processor that may save formatting instead of plain text. YouTube requires plain UTF-8 for SRT uploads.
- Find the caption timing. Watch the video and note when each line should begin and end. You can use VLC to help establish and test timing, as shown in the EU Publications Office’s accessible publishing guidance.
- Enter a cue for each caption. Use a sequential number, then a time range, then the text. The time format is hours:minutes:seconds,milliseconds; put a comma before milliseconds and an arrow between the start and end times.
- Separate cues with a blank line. Continue numbering the cues in order. Keep the text that belongs on screen between its timecode line and the blank line.
- Save as UTF-8 with an .srt extension. For example, the EU guidance demonstrates a filename that associates the video name, a language code, and the
.srtextension. This is a useful convention, not a universal platform requirement. - Load the file with the video and review playback. Check the full video for synchronization and text errors. VLC’s desktop 3.0 subtitle documentation explains loading an external subtitle file; labels may differ in newer VLC releases.
Example SRT text
1
00:00:01,200 --> 00:00:03,500
Welcome to the video.
2
00:00:03,700 --> 00:00:06,000
Here is the next subtitle.This is an illustrative template, not a tested file. Replace the sample words and times with the actual spoken content and timing from your media.
Choose between manual writing and subtitle software
| Approach | Timing work | Preview and waveform tools | Export and compatibility check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plain-text editor | You enter each cue’s times and text yourself. | Use a media player such as VLC to test timing; the editor itself need not provide preview tools. | Save as UTF-8 with an .srt extension, then confirm that the destination platform accepts SRT. Official guidance establishes plain-text authoring for basic SRT, not feature comparisons among editors. |
| Subtitle software | Depending on the software, it may help with cue timing and editing; confirm its actual tools before choosing it. | Useful if you need video or waveform preview tools; availability varies by program. | Verify that the software can export SRT and that the destination platform accepts the resulting format and encoding. The cited official sources do not establish current features or prices for specific commercial editors. |
A plain-text editor is enough for a basic file. Dedicated subtitle software may be more convenient when you need visual timing tools, but check its export and the destination’s format requirements rather than assuming compatibility.
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Check format limits and playback
- Use the right encoding. YouTube requires plain UTF-8 for SRT uploads.
- Do not rely on styling markup. YouTube’s basic SRT support does not recognize styling markup. SRT provides basic timing but limited styling; if positioning or visual styling is essential, compare supported formats against the destination platform’s requirements.
- Test the captions against the actual media. Correct-looking timecode syntax cannot guarantee synchronization. Check that each line appears and disappears at the intended moment and that the text is accurate. The Library of Congress description of the SubRip format explains SRT’s text sidecar behavior.
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