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U.S. duties on Canadian softwood lumber are not one universal rate. A shipment may be subject to separate, company-specific antidumping (AD) and countervailing (CVD) duties, and some products may also face additional tariffs under other U.S. authorities. The latest confirmed sixth-review rates took effect in 2025; the seventh-review figures published in 2026 are preliminary and, according to Global Affairs Canada, do not take effect. The rate for an actual shipment depends on its producer and exporter, product scope, entry date, tariff provisions and origin treatment.
What the U.S. lumber duties are
The AD and CVD orders are distinct trade remedies. The U.S. Department of Commerce describes AD rates as addressing dumping and CVD rates as addressing subsidies. Each order has its own rate, and rates can differ by company and review. Commerce’s sixth-review announcement reported CVD results from 12.12% to 16.82% and AD results from 9.65% to 35.53%. Those are review results, not a single rate that applies to every Canadian exporter or entry.
For covered imports, the importer generally pays estimated cash deposits at entry under the applicable instructions. Those deposits are not necessarily the final duty owed: Commerce’s administrative reviews determine duties assessed on past entries and establish prospective estimated-duty deposit rates.
Which confirmed sixth-review rates took effect
Global Affairs Canada reports the following amended sixth-review rates. The combined figures below are AD plus CVD only; they do not include any separate tariff that might apply to a shipment.
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| Exporter group | AD rate | CVD rate | AD + CVD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canfor | 35.47% | 12.12% | 47.59% |
| West Fraser | 9.65% | 16.82% | 26.47% |
| All Others | 20.53% | 14.63% | 35.16% |
Global Affairs Canada says the sixth-review AD rates took effect July 29, 2025, with an AD amendment on September 11, 2025; the CVD rates took effect August 12, 2025. The table is specific to that review and its amended results. Do not assume the “All Others” rate applies to a company with a separate applicable rate, or treat any combined figure as the complete duty calculation for an entry.
Why the 2026 review figures are not current rates
Global Affairs Canada lists seventh-review preliminary company rates and a June 2026 post-preliminary CVD calculation, but states that these results do not take effect. They should not be treated as the cash-deposit rates in force unless a final result has since been published and entered into force. For a shipment, use the operative final instructions and confirm whether any later notice changed the applicable rate.
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How product scope determines whether an order applies
Coverage is a legal scope question, not just an HTSUS-code lookup. Commerce’s scope guidance says the scope defines the products to which AD or CVD may be applied. It considers physical and technical product characteristics, exclusions and tariff classifications. Customs and Border Protection uses scope information to identify covered goods at entry and collect deposits.
A tariff classification can help identify merchandise, but it does not by itself establish that a product is covered or excluded. Importers should compare the product with the operative order language and any applicable scope rulings. Commerce’s scope FAQ is general guidance; it does not replace the order, relevant rulings or entry-specific instructions.
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Which other U.S. tariffs may matter
Other tariff authorities are separate from the AD and CVD orders. Their application depends on their own legal text, product coverage, exclusions, origin treatment and the entry date.
- Section 232: A December 31, 2025 proclamation, published in the Federal Register on January 9, 2026, provides a 10% ad valorem tariff on certain softwood timber and lumber. It does not establish a blanket additional 10% charge on every Canadian lumber shipment; the proclamation and applicable tariff provisions determine coverage.
- Section 122 and Section 301: Global Affairs Canada reports that the temporary 10% global Section 122 tariff expired July 24, 2026. It describes a replacement Section 301 measure on Canadian goods, with CUSMA-compliant goods exempt from that replacement tariff. The Canadian page says existing AD/CVD duties and applicable Section 232 duties remain unchanged.
Because these authorities operate separately, adding headline percentages together can give a misleading total. Verify the current U.S. legal instruments, tariff provisions and origin qualification for the particular entry before calculating what is payable.
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How duties affect exporters and importers
At entry, the cash-deposit obligation affects the importer’s payment and the working capital tied up while the entry awaits final assessment. That can also matter to Canadian exporters when buyers evaluate landed costs and negotiate commercial terms, but the duty rate alone does not establish an exporter’s final liability, realized price or economic impact. The eventual assessment can differ from the deposit.
Rates also vary by company and order. Treating all Canadian mills as if they face the same rate can misstate a buyer’s expected costs and obscure the difference between a company-specific rate and an all-others rate. No single review figure establishes the treatment of every wood product or shipment.
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How to establish the rate for a specific shipment
- Identify the parties: Confirm the foreign producer and exporter combination, then locate the applicable company-specific or all-others cash-deposit instruction.
- Confirm product coverage: Compare the goods’ physical and technical characteristics with the operative order scope, including exclusions and applicable rulings. Do not rely on the tariff code alone.
- Check the entry date and review status: Distinguish final or amended final results from preliminary and post-preliminary results. Confirm the rate in force on the relevant entry date.
- Review separate tariff measures: Check Section 232 coverage and, where relevant, Section 301 and CUSMA origin treatment under the current legal text. Keep each measure separate when calculating the entry’s total.
- Verify the entry instructions: Commerce directs parties who know the foreign producer to its Customs Liaison Unit for rate questions. A customs broker or trade counsel can help assess shipment-specific scope and deposit application.
Commerce’s review and scope FAQs explain the general process, but the operative order, Federal Register notices, current entry instructions and any relevant rulings control the treatment of a particular shipment.
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