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Potentially. Corporate treasury purchases are one source of investment demand for ETH, not the only reason it may have value. Ethereum also uses ETH for proof-of-stake security and network activity. But those uses support a long-term investment case only if they create durable demand for ETH and value that reaches ETH holders. Neither the existence of network activity nor corporate adoption guarantees that outcome.

What does “without corporate buyers” mean?

Corporate buyers in this context are companies that buy ETH to hold on their balance sheets or as part of a treasury strategy. That is different from companies using Ethereum for stablecoins, tokenized assets or other applications. A company can build on or use the network without buying ETH as a corporate investment.

If treasury purchases slow or stop, that removes one source of investment demand. It does not, by itself, remove ETH’s protocol functions. The key question is whether network use and security needs create lasting demand for the asset—and whether that demand is economically meaningful to holders.

Three sources of demand matter to the thesis

Transactional demand

Users and applications need ETH for certain network fees and protocol interactions. Ethereum’s fee mechanism also burns base fees, removing them from circulation. How much activity translates into demand for ETH depends in part on where transactions occur and how those transactions are priced, especially as activity expands across Layer 2 networks.

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Security demand

Ethereum uses proof of stake: validators stake ETH to help secure the network and may receive rewards under protocol rules. Issuance helps fund those rewards, while fee burning can reduce supply. These forces move in opposite directions, and their net effect changes with validator participation, protocol parameters and network use.

Investment demand

Individuals, funds and companies may hold ETH because they expect its value to rise or want exposure to the asset. Corporate treasury accumulation is part of this category. It can add demand, but a thesis that depends on another round of company buying is more fragile than one supported by sustained use and a credible link between that use and ETH’s value.

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Does Ethereum’s supply mechanism make ETH deflationary?

No. Burning base fees does not mean ETH is always deflationary. New issuance and fee burning vary independently: issuance depends on protocol rules and validator participation, while burning depends on network activity. Either can outweigh the other over a given period.

The iShares Ethereum Trust sponsor’s SEC-filed Form 10-K reported approximately 121 million ETH outstanding and approximately 2,689 ETH issued per day as of December 31, 2025. The filing says issuance varies with validator count, and describes periods when ETH was deflationary over a 24-hour window. Those are dated observations, not live figures or evidence of persistent deflation.

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Can Layer 2 growth create value for ETH?

It may, but greater Ethereum ecosystem activity is not automatically the same as greater value for ETH holders. Layer 2 (L2) networks can handle activity outside Ethereum’s main chain while using Ethereum Layer 1 (L1) for functions such as settlement. The Ethereum Foundation’s March 23, 2026 discussion argues that L2s can extend Ethereum’s reach and create demand for ETH through settlement and bridging. It also says some parts of that value proposition are debated and need validation through measurement and analysis.

For the investment case, the distinction is between activity happening somewhere in the Ethereum ecosystem and economic value accruing to ETH. The latter depends on how L2s use L1, what fees or other demand that creates, and whether those effects are significant enough to matter for the asset. A rising count of applications or transactions alone does not establish value capture.

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What institutional use does—and does not—show

Ethereum has institutional use cases involving tokenization, stablecoins and decentralized finance. The Ethereum Foundation’s institutional resource describes deployments and use cases associated with BlackRock, Coinbase, Visa and eToro. These examples can indicate that organizations see a use for Ethereum’s infrastructure; they do not establish that those organizations are buying ETH for their treasuries or that ETH holders will receive a return.

Keep the categories separate: using Ethereum, building an application on it, and holding ETH as a corporate treasury asset are different activities. Institutional interest may support the case that the network has utility, but the investment case still requires a link from that utility to durable ETH demand and value capture.

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What would strengthen or weaken the case?

Evidence that would strengthen it

  • Network and application use remains durable without depending on treasury accumulation.
  • That use creates sustained demand for ETH through fees, settlement, staking or other protocol functions.
  • The economic value generated across L1 and L2 is captured in ways that benefit ETH’s role, rather than merely increasing ecosystem activity.
  • Proof-of-stake security remains credible, with issuance and staking incentives that support participation without creating unacceptable concentration.

Evidence that would weaken it

  • Corporate accumulation proves to be a major source of demand, while other sources fail to replace it.
  • Applications and L2s grow, but ETH demand or value capture does not grow with them.
  • Supply issuance persistently exceeds fee burning while network use is too weak to support the broader thesis.
  • Users and developers shift to competing networks, or protocol changes fail to gain adoption.

These are ways to assess the thesis, not forecasts. The cited materials do not establish a price target, expected return or independent valuation of ETH.

Risks that remain even without a corporate-buyer thesis

  • Volatility and uncertain staking economics: ETH’s market value can fluctuate, and staking rewards and participation can change.
  • Validator concentration: The iShares Ethereum Trust sponsor’s SEC-filed report flags concentration among the largest staking pools. The available summary does not establish a measurement date for its reported share, so it should not be treated as a current statistic.
  • Protocol and competition risk: Upgrades, forks, security failures or competing networks can affect Ethereum’s use and demand.
  • Custody, liquidity and regulation: Access to ETH and the ability to hold or trade it can be affected by custody failures, liquidity conditions and legal or regulatory changes.

A company-specific example illustrates why corporate strategies are not a reliable proxy for protocol fundamentals: an ETH-focused company’s 2025 SEC filing lists market conditions, staking economics, client demand, security and compliance costs, and access to capital among its performance drivers. That disclosure describes that company’s risks; it does not show that all ETH buyers behave alike.

If you hold ETH directly

Ethereum.org recommends hardware wallets as one way to keep private keys offline and names Ledger and Trezor as examples. Its long-term-storage directory says it screens listings for criteria including security review, maintenance and Ethereum support, while also stating that listings are informational and not endorsements. Self-custody shifts responsibility to the holder: Ethereum.org warns users not to share recovery phrases, to inspect transaction details and to watch for scams. A device does not make holdings risk-free, and custody guidance is separate from whether ETH is a suitable investment.

Verdict

Ethereum can have a long-term investment case without corporate treasury buyers, but the case is conditional rather than automatic. Its strongest foundation would be durable organic use that supports ETH’s roles in transactions and proof-of-stake security, with clear value capture for the asset. The main unresolved question is whether ecosystem growth—especially L2 growth—will translate into that value. The available evidence describes mechanisms and use cases, not a guaranteed outcome or investment return.

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