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Use network controls at more than one layer: put self-hosted Jira and Confluence behind a firewall, private network, VPN, or reverse proxy; restrict administration paths at the proxy or gateway; and separately protect databases, files, and cluster traffic. Product allowlists have narrower purposes and do not replace an ingress firewall. The applicable Atlassian guidance varies by product version and deployment, so check the documentation for your installed release before changing configuration.
Choose what should be reachable
First decide whether Jira and Confluence should be available only on a private network or whether users need public application access while administration stays private. Then map the paths that users, administrators, integrations, load balancers, cluster nodes, and application servers use. This prevents a broad rule from exposing backend services—and helps avoid blocking traffic the deployment requires.
For self-managed installations, the organization operating the deployment is responsible for its hardware, network, firewall, and VPN security. Atlassian’s Data Center security checklist and shared responsibilities says, “Atlassian doesn’t take responsibility for self-managed hardware infrastructure.”
Put the application behind a network boundary
Use a firewall, private network, VPN, or a combination to admit connections only through intended entry points. If the sites should be private, require access through the organization’s private network or VPN. If they must be public, expose only the intended web entry point and apply separate restrictions to administration and backend services.
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Do not expose database or cluster ports broadly. Allow application-to-database connections only from the relevant application hosts, and limit file-system access to the components and administrators that need it. Atlassian covers these controls in its Confluence security best practices and guidance for configuring security in the external environment.
Use a reverse proxy correctly
A reverse proxy or gateway can provide the public-facing entry point and enforce source-IP rules. Configure the matching product and proxy settings for HTTPS, and verify that the application recognizes the external scheme, host, and port as intended. Atlassian’s Confluence proxy and HTTPS setup guide describes proxy and TLS patterns for Confluence 10.1; the precise configuration depends on the proxy and installed release. Atlassian also documents a web application firewall as an additional security measure, not a substitute for network access policy.
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Restrict administration paths at the proxy or gateway
When users need ordinary Jira or Confluence access from a wider network, limit administration interfaces to trusted machines or source IP addresses at the reverse proxy or gateway. Keep the restriction scoped to the relevant administration paths: an overly broad rule can block ordinary application functions or integrations. Route names and requirements can differ by product version, so use the route guidance for the deployed release and proxy rather than copying a rule blindly.
Atlassian provides an Apache example for limiting access to the Jira administration interface (Jira Data Center 11.3 documentation). Its security attack prevention guidance also discusses restricting administration access. Confluence’s security guide points to an Apache administration restriction as a pattern to adapt for other reverse proxies.
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Understand which controls do—and do not—restrict access
| Control | What it governs | What it does not replace |
|---|---|---|
| Firewall, private network, or VPN | Which network sources can connect to the application or supporting services, according to the rules you configure. | Product-level controls for URL-based requests or privileged operations. |
| Reverse-proxy or gateway IP rules | Which source addresses can reach selected web paths, such as administration interfaces. | A perimeter policy for database, file, or cluster access. |
| Confluence websudo allowlist | Which client IP addresses may perform operations protected by websudo. | A network boundary for all Confluence traffic. |
| Jira URL allowlist | URL-based content and requests, including incoming and outgoing request behavior. | An ingress rule deciding who can connect to Jira’s web application. |
| Firewall rules between Jira Data Center nodes | Permitted node-to-node cluster communication, including Ehcache RMI traffic. | User or administrator access controls at the web edge. |
Configure Confluence websudo allowlisting with a recovery path
Websudo allowlisting adds an IP/CIDR check for protected Confluence administrative operations. In the Confluence Data Center 8.9 guide, the feature is disabled by default. Because the check depends on the client address Confluence receives, a proxy or gateway must securely forward the real client IP. Atlassian documents X-Forwarded-For as the default header in its websudo allowlist guide.
- Configure trusted client-IP forwarding. Set the proxy or gateway to supply the client address in the header Confluence is configured to use. Ensure the gateway controls the forwarded value; do not rely on a forwarding header supplied directly by an untrusted client.
- Enter permitted addresses. Configure the approved IP addresses or CIDR ranges using the instructions for the installed Confluence release. Include the administrator’s real egress address as seen by Confluence, which may differ from a workstation’s local address.
- Verify access before enforcing the restriction. Check the address Confluence receives and confirm that the expected administrator source is included. Preserve a trusted recovery route and back up the relevant configuration so a mistaken range does not lock out administrators.
- Enable and restart. Follow the release-specific guide to enable the allowlist and restart Confluence. Then verify a permitted administrator can complete a websudo-protected operation.
Keep Jira’s URL allowlist distinct from ingress security
Jira’s application allowlist governs URL-based content and requests; it is not a list of IP addresses allowed to connect to the Jira site. Atlassian documents it as enabled by default in Jira Data Center 11.2. Application Links are automatically added, and administrators can choose the behavior for anonymous and outbound requests. Review those choices deliberately and keep the allowlist enabled unless a documented operational requirement calls for a different setting. See Configuring the allowlist for Jira Data Center 11.2.
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Allow only required Jira cluster traffic
In a Jira Data Center cluster, nodes need permitted network communication for cluster functions such as cache replication. Atlassian’s Jira Data Center installation guidance documents default Ehcache RMI listener and object ports 40001 and 40011. Those are documented defaults, not a guarantee that a particular installation uses them: verify the actual configuration, then allow the required traffic only between cluster nodes using firewall rules or network segregation. Blocking necessary node traffic can impair cache replication.
Test the rules before relying on them
Test each control from the network locations it is meant to distinguish. A change that blocks a hostile source but also breaks an integration or cluster is not a successful restriction.
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- From an approved user workstation, confirm the expected application features work.
- From an unapproved network, confirm the intended application or administration paths are inaccessible.
- From an approved administrator source, verify administration and websudo-protected operations still work.
- From required integration, application, database, and cluster sources, confirm only necessary connections succeed and the relevant services remain healthy.
Review and retest rules after upgrades, migrations, topology changes, or proxy changes. Atlassian’s shared-responsibilities checklist calls for reviewing security after changes to the environment.
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