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没有一种 VMware 替代方案适合所有企业。Broadcom调整了VMware产品组合与授权方式后，IT团队应先核对现有合同和续订报价，再按工作负载、基础设施、迁移风险和团队运营模式，在继续使用VMware、改用其他虚拟化平台、迁往云服务或推进应用现代化之间作出选择。Proxmox VE、Nutanix AHV和Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization都值得评估，但它们不是对每个VMware环境都能直接替换的同类产品。
Broadcom之后，VMware授权发生了什么变化？
Broadcom于2024年1月22日发布的公告称，VMware正从永久许可证转向订阅，并将VMware Cloud Foundation（VCF）和VMware vSphere Foundation（VVF）作为主要产品组合；公告还表示，许多产品将不再单独销售，而是纳入VCF或VVF。该公告描述的VCF包括vSphere、vSAN、NSX和Aria管理与编排，VVF面向传统vSphere环境中的数据中心优化。公告称，已有有效支持合同的客户可在合同有效期内继续获得支持。
这份2024年公告是理解产品组合转变的历史依据，不是2026年的完整SKU目录。当前可购产品、授权范围和商业条件应以Broadcom或经销商针对客户合同、地区与配置提供的信息为准。不要仅凭旧产品名称或网上通用价格推断续订成本。
先区分 Azure VMware Solution 的授权变化与服务本身
Azure VMware Solution（AVS）并未因此结束，但Microsoft公布了其“含许可证”SKU的过渡安排。以下日期针对AVS的含许可证服务，不是AVS整体停运日期：
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- Read Before You Buy — No Video Output: These adapters support charging and USB 2.0 data transfer, but cannot transmit video signals. Except for standard USB webcams (which use USB data only), they are not compatible with HDMI/DisplayPort cables, video-capable USB-C hubs, or docking stations with video output.
- Convert USB-A Ports to USB-C: Designed to connect USB-C earphones, cables, flash drives, card readers, and other USB-C accessories to standard USB-A ports. Plug-and-play with no drivers or software required.
- Aluminum Alloy Housing: Built with a sturdy aluminum alloy shell that aids in heat dissipation and protects against daily wear and scratches. Designed to maintain a stable and secure connection.
- Compact & Travel-Friendly: The ultra-compact design allows the adapter to stay plugged into your device without blocking adjacent ports or adding bulk, reducing wear and tear on your original USB ports.
- 12-Month Warranty: Backed by a 12-month manufacturer warranty for peace of mind. Designed to meet strict quality control standards for reliable everyday performance.
- 2025年11月1日：新购AVS节点不再包含VCF许可证。
- 2026年10月31日：含许可证的按需付费SKU退役。
- 2027年8月30日：含许可证的预留服务最后可用日；Microsoft表示，客户需在2027年8月31日前完成过渡，以避免服务中断。
Microsoft列出的延续路径包括使用可移植的VCF自带许可证（BYOL）；其他方向包括Nutanix Cloud Clusters on Azure，以及迁往Azure原生基础设施、Azure Red Hat OpenShift或Azure App Services等目的地。BYOL是否适用，需结合许可权利和具体安排核实。各目的地代表不同的技术与运营模式，不能把它们都当作换一个虚拟化平台。
VMware替代方案与路径如何比较？
下表概括各路径的定位。功能信息来自相应厂商的产品资料，不能替代针对实际工作负载、硬件和合同的验证。
Rank #2
- 5-in-1 USB-C Hub: Experience comprehensive connectivity featuring a Power Delivery input, two USB-A 2.0 ports, a USB-A 3.0 port, and an HDMI port. (Note: The USB-C power delivery input port is only for connecting an external wall charger to power your laptop and cannot power peripheral devices.)
- 90W Pass-Through Charging: Achieve optimal charging with 90W pass-through power to your laptop, supported by a total input of 100W, with the hub reserving 10W for operational efficiency. (Note: Wall charger not included.)
- Quick Data Transfers: Accelerate your productivity with rapid data transfers using a high-speed 5Gbps USB 3.0 port and two 480Mbps USB 2.0 ports.
- 4K HDMI Display: Enhance your visual experience with a hub capable of delivering 4K resolution at 30Hz in both mirror and extend modes. Please note that this hub is compatible with MacBook (macOS 12 and newer), Windows 10 and 11, ChromeOS, and laptops equipped with DP Alt Mode and Power Delivery. Note: This device is not compatible with Linux.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (5-in-1, 4K HDMI), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
| 路径 | 适合重点评估的情形 | 需要验证的关键点 |
|---|---|---|
| 继续使用VMware | 现有依赖较深、近期续约或迁移风险使立即替换不现实；可考虑分阶段决策。 | 当前授权与支持权益、实际续订报价、所需功能及合同期限。2024年公告不代表2026年可购SKU或当前商业条款。 |
| Proxmox VE | 希望评估基于KVM/QEMU虚拟机与LXC容器的虚拟化平台，并愿意验证迁移和运维适配性。 | 目标硬件、存储、备份、恢复、HA、团队技能及所需支持级别；厂商列出的能力不等于对每个VMware环境的功能等价。 |
| Nutanix AHV | 将Nutanix企业虚拟化平台纳入候选方案；若目标在Azure，也可评估Nutanix Cloud Clusters on Azure。 | 按具体配置核实授权报价、硬件、存储、网络、备份、迁移工作量和日常运维要求。 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization | 虚拟机迁移与更广泛的Kubernetes平台或应用现代化计划相结合。 | 团队是否准备采用相应平台运维模式、工作负载兼容性、迁移复杂度和应用改造范围。 |
| 迁往Azure服务 | 愿意将部分应用从虚拟机平台迁移至Azure原生基础设施、Azure App Services等服务。 | 应用依赖、兼容性、所需改造、数据迁移、停机安排和目标服务的运营责任。 |
各类替代方案的实际取舍
Proxmox VE：功能面广，但要验证运营适配
Proxmox Server Solutions GmbH将Proxmox VE描述为基于Debian GNU/Linux、以AGPLv3许可的虚拟化平台，使用KVM/QEMU进行完整虚拟化，并以LXC运行操作系统级容器。其官方比较列出无主节点集群、高可用、多种存储集成、集成备份与恢复、迁移和在线迁移、快照、复制，以及虚拟机和物理机迁移（V2V/P2V）等能力。
该厂商称软件无许可费用，并通过商业订阅提供企业支持。无许可费不等于零运营成本：仍需核算部署、维护、支持、备份、培训和过渡期间并行运行平台的成本。应在目标环境中验证功能清单、恢复流程、支持响应需求和团队能否承担日常管理。
Rank #3
- Sleek 7-in-1 USB-C Hub: Features an HDMI port, two USB-A 3.0 ports, and a USB-C data port, each providing 5Gbps transfer speeds. It also includes a USB-C PD input port for charging up to 100W and dual SD and TF card slots, all in a compact design.
- Flawless 4K@60Hz Video with HDMI: Delivers exceptional clarity and smoothness with its 4K@60Hz HDMI port, making it ideal for high-definition presentations and entertainment. (Note: Only the HDMI port supports video projection; the USB-C port is for data transfer only.)
- Double Up on Efficiency: The two USB-A 3.0 ports and a USB-C port support a fast 5Gbps data rate, significantly boosting your transfer speeds and improving productivity.
- Fast and Reliable 85W Charging: Offers high-capacity, speedy charging for laptops up to 85W, so you spend less time tethered to an outlet and more time being productive.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (7-in-1), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
Nutanix AHV：企业候选项，也可评估Azure上的云集群
Nutanix提供AHV产品，Microsoft也将Nutanix Cloud Clusters on Azure列为AVS客户可考虑的替代私有云方案。这些资料确认了它们是相关候选项，但并未给出与VMware可直接对照的许可价格、迁移工作量或独立功能排名。应按目标配置索取报价，并验证硬件、存储、网络、备份和运维要求。
OpenShift Virtualization：适合把虚拟机放进更大的平台规划时评估
Red Hat提供OpenShift Virtualization；Microsoft也将Azure Red Hat OpenShift列入Azure现代化目的地。若组织正在规划Kubernetes平台或应用现代化，可以把这一方案纳入同一评估；但采用Kubernetes运营模式会改变团队职责，不应仅因需要替换虚拟机平台就假定它适合所有团队。现有资料没有量化迁移复杂度，也没有证明这一运维模式适用于每类环境。
Rank #4
- Dual Converters, Infinite Potential：Includes 2× USB C male to USB A female adapters and 2× USB A male to USB C female adapters. Perfect for a wide range of uses—tablets with Bluetooth keyboards, expand USB ports on macbook, and more. Two different converters for all your daily needs
- Next-Level 10Gbps & 3A Charging: No more slow 480Mbps, this usb to usb c adapter has a transfer speed of up to 10Gbps, allowing you to do more transferring in less time. This usb adapter fits both USB A and USB C charger, supporting up to 3A fast charging
- Upgraded Exquisite Craftsmanship: With an aluminum alloy housing and metal connector, the usbc to usb adapter is extremely durable and sturdy. Rigorously tested to withstand more than 10,000 times of plugging and unplugging, ensuring long-lasting performance
- Broad Compatible: The usb c to usb adapter widely supports all USB C/ USB A devices like laptops, tablets, cellphones, car chargers, and phone chargers. Such as compatible with MacBook Pro/Air 2023/2022, Thunderbolt 4/3 Devices,Apple MagSafe Watch 9/8/7/SE/Ultra, iPad Pro 2022/2021, Samsung Galaxy S23/S20/S10, and iPhone 17/16/15 Pro. Plug and play
- Please Note: To reach 10Gbps speed, keep the cable under 3.3 ft. For USB A Male to USB C adapters, try flipping the USB C connector. USB C Male to USB A adapters support bidirectional 10Gbps transfer within 3.3 ft
Azure迁移目的地：先确定要迁移的究竟是什么
继续使用AVS、采用Azure上的Nutanix Cloud Clusters，或迁往Azure原生基础设施、Azure Red Hat OpenShift与Azure App Services，解决的是不同问题。前者保留VMware相关服务模式；其他路线可能改变虚拟化平台、应用托管方式，或两者兼有。逐个应用评估兼容性与必要改造，避免把服务迁移误当作单纯的hypervisor替换。
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.用工作负载和全周期成本决定是否迁移
比较“VMware替代方案”时，应以实际工作负载和计划周期为基础，而不是寻找脱离环境的赢家。可以按以下顺序组织评估：
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- 5-in-1 Connectivity: Equipped with a 4K HDMI port, a 5 Gbps USB-C data port, two 5 Gbps USB-A ports, and a USB C 100W PD-IN port. Note: The USB C 100W PD-IN port supports only charging and does not support data transfer devices such as headphones or speakers.
- Powerful Pass-Through Charging: Supports up to 85W pass-through charging so you can power up your laptop while you use the hub. Note: Pass-through charging requires a charger (not included). Note: To achieve full power for iPad, we recommend using a 45W wall charger.
- Transfer Files in Seconds: Move files to and from your laptop at speeds of up to 5 Gbps via the USB-C and USB-A data ports. Note: The USB C 5Gbps Data port does not support video output.
- HD Display: Connect to the HDMI port to stream or mirror content to an external monitor in resolutions of up to 4K@30Hz. Note: The USB-C ports do not support video output.
- What You Get: Anker 332 USB-C Hub (5-in-1), welcome guide, our worry-free 18-month warranty, and friendly customer service.
- 盘点功能与依赖。记录每个工作负载依赖的vSphere功能、客户机操作系统、应用与自动化依赖、性能需求及业务关键性。厂商功能列表不能证明特定环境的功能等价。
- 核对基础设施兼容性。逐项检查服务器硬件、存储、网络、备份和灾难恢复是否受目标方案支持，并确认其与现有架构的集成要求。
- 设计迁移与回退路径。评估转换、验证、并行运行、应用负责人测试、停机窗口和回退条件。迁移周期取决于具体环境，不能套用统一天数。
- 检查团队运营模式。比较日常管理、自动化、故障升级和支持流程；若转向Kubernetes或公有云，明确团队职责与技能是否也需要调整。
- 比较实际商业条件。以同一配置和计划周期索取报价，纳入订阅或支持条款、续约条件，以及迁移期间双平台并行运行的成本。没有适用于所有企业的节省比例或通用排名。
- 按风险分批排序。先挑选依赖清楚、迁移路径可验证的工作负载；把业务连续性、应用负责人验收和回退要求放进每一批次的计划。
何时暂时留在VMware，何时启动替代评估？
续约、仍有效的支持合同、关键工作负载依赖或高迁移风险，都可能使立即替换不合适。可以先用当前权益和实际续订报价判断是否需要调整，同时为长期方案建立按工作负载分批的评估计划。反过来，如果组织已确认授权路径、支持安排或成本与业务要求不符，就应尽早验证目标平台，而不是把产品宣传中的能力清单当作迁移批准依据。
官方资料没有提供可用于所有客户的VMware客户流失比例、提价幅度或迁移节省百分比；具体价格和合同条件需按地区与配置向厂商或经销商确认，兼容性与迁移风险则需基于自身工作负载验证。
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