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The GUARD Act, introduced in the House as H.R. 2978 on April 21, 2025, would let eligible state, local, and tribal law-enforcement agencies use certain federal grant funds to investigate elder financial fraud, pig-butchering scams, and other financial fraud. It would also clarify that federal law enforcement may assist those agencies. The proposal is about investigative resources—not a consumer security product or a new fraud offense.
What is the GUARD Act?
The GUARD Act stands for the Guarding Unprotected Aging Retirees from Deception Act. The Congressional Record lists Representatives Zach Nunn, Josh Gottheimer, and Scott Fitzgerald as its introducers on April 21, 2025, in the 119th Congress. The official record describes a measure concerning eligible federal grant funds and law-enforcement assistance. Congressional Record, April 21, 2025.
What investigative tools and support would it enable?
The bill’s stated focus is enabling investigations and coordination, rather than changing what counts as a crime. The Congressional Record describes allowing eligible grant recipients to use funds for investigations into elder financial fraud, pig butchering, and general financial fraud, and clarifying that federal law enforcement may help those agencies.
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CyberScoop’s April 25, 2025 account describes additional proposed support, including blockchain tracing and other technical tools, improved data collection and reporting, and training sessions or tabletop exercises involving federal, state, local, and tribal law enforcement. Those operational details are reported by CyberScoop; the official Congressional Record entry establishes the bill’s introduction and broad purpose. CyberScoop, April 25, 2025.
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Grant-funded investigations
Eligible agencies could direct qualifying federal grant funds toward investigations of the fraud categories named in the bill. This is a proposed use of existing grant resources, not a grant for individuals to recover stolen money.
Federal assistance and technical tools
Federal law-enforcement assistance could help local agencies pursue cases that cross jurisdictions or involve digital transactions. CyberScoop reports that the proposal includes blockchain tracing tools and other software, but the available sources do not establish which tools agencies would receive or how they would be deployed.
Training and reporting
CyberScoop also reports proposed training and exercises, along with better data collection and reporting. These could support coordination and help agencies share information, but the reporting does not provide performance estimates or guarantee that the measures would prevent losses.
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Why does the bill mention pig butchering?
Pig butchering is a fraud scheme in which a scammer cultivates a victim’s trust, often through online contact, then promotes a false investment opportunity and steals the money the victim contributes. The investigation may involve tracing digital payments as well as identifying people and organizations operating across jurisdictions. That is why the reported emphasis on technical tools and interagency assistance is relevant to this type of fraud.
CyberScoop also described fake unpaid toll-road violation texts, a form of smishing intended to prompt recipients to pay or disclose information. These examples illustrate different approaches—relationship-based investment fraud and deceptive payment messages—but are not a complete inventory of current scams.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What figures illustrate the problem?
CyberScoop reported that the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) recorded 147,127 complaints from people over 60 in 2024, 46% more than the previous year, with losses exceeding $4.8 billion. These figures are attributed to the FBI’s 2024 IC3 report as reported by CyberScoop; the original report was not independently reviewed for this article. CyberScoop’s report and attribution.
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CyberScoop also said the bill sponsors’ press release cited roughly $225 million frozen in 2023 in connection with a Southeast Asian crime syndicate linked to pig-butchering scams, describing it as an example of blockchain-enabled law enforcement. This is a reported sponsor example, not an independently verified account of the Justice Department action. The figure should not be read as an estimate of money recovered for victims.
What is the bill’s status?
The Congressional Record confirms H.R. 2978’s introduction on April 21, 2025. The materials available here do not establish what happened to it afterward. Accordingly, this article does not characterize the bill as pending, enacted, or dead as of October 8, 2026. Its introduction alone does not mean agencies received new authority or funding.
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