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A custom domain name is a domain you control and connect to a website, app, or email service. It gives that service an address under your own domain—such as example.com or blog.example.com—instead of relying only on a provider-assigned address. The exact setup depends on the service and the hostname you want to use.

What does “custom domain name” mean?

A domain name is a readable Internet name, such as example.com. The Domain Name System (DNS) publishes records that help direct requests for a domain or hostname to the relevant service. A custom domain is not a special type of domain or DNS record: it is a domain name you control and configure for a particular service. Cloudflare explains domain names and DNS, while Firebase’s custom-domain guide shows how a provider uses the term in setup.

For example, you could connect example.com to a website, app.example.com to an application, or a domain address to an email provider. You can also use separate providers for your website and email, as long as each service’s DNS configuration is set up correctly.

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How is a custom domain different from a provider subdomain?

A provider subdomain is nested under a domain the service provider controls, such as yourproject.provider.example. With a custom domain, you use a name you control, such as example.com or yourproject.example.com. A subdomain like blog.example.com is part of the larger example.com domain and can be directed to a particular site or app. Cloudflare’s subdomain documentation describes how records can be used for subdomains.

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What do a registrar, DNS host, and website host do?

These are separate roles, even when one company provides several of them:

  • Registrar: Handles the registration of a domain name. Registration gives you the right to use the name under the applicable registration terms; it does not create a website or mailbox. Cloudflare’s domain-name overview explains the registrar role.
  • DNS host: Stores and serves DNS records for your domain. The service you are connecting may ask you to add records such as A, AAAA, CNAME, or TXT, depending on the hostname and its requirements.
  • Website or application host: Serves the site or app. DNS can direct requests to a provider, but that provider must also be configured to serve your chosen hostname. Cloudflare’s subdomain guide covers the relationship between DNS records and a service that handles the hostname.
  • Email provider: Sends or receives mail for addresses at your domain. It has its own DNS requirements, including MX records for incoming mail.

How do you connect a custom domain to a website?

Use the destination website provider’s current custom-domain setup flow. Its instructions determine which records to add and what values to use; there is no universal set of DNS values that works for every host. Firebase’s setup guide is one example of provider-specific verification and DNS instructions.

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  1. Add the hostname in the website provider. Choose whether you are connecting the apex domain, such as example.com, or a subdomain, such as www.example.com or app.example.com.
  2. Verify control if requested. A provider may ask you to add a TXT record to demonstrate that you control the domain.
  3. Enter the DNS records the provider specifies. The required record type and value depend on the provider and hostname. For the apex, your DNS interface may represent the host as @, the full domain, or a blank field; follow the provider’s directions.
  4. Finish the provider’s configuration. DNS records direct requests, but the destination service must also associate the hostname with your site or app.
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Does buying a domain include a website or email?

No. Registering a domain reserves its use under the registrar’s terms; it does not by itself provide website hosting, an application, or a mailbox. Those services must be supplied and configured separately.

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To use email at your domain, follow the email provider’s setup instructions and add its required DNS records. Changing an MX record routes incoming mail to a different mail service. Microsoft advises preparing users and mailboxes before moving mail flow to Microsoft 365. Microsoft’s custom-domain setup guide explains the DNS and mailbox steps.

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What should you consider when choosing a custom-domain setup?

  • Hostname: Decide whether you want the apex domain or a subdomain such as www. Check that your service supports the hostname you choose.
  • Provider roles: Registration, DNS hosting, website hosting, and email can be handled by one provider or several. The definition does not require a particular arrangement.
  • Portability: Your registered domain can remain your public address if you change website hosts, provided you maintain the registration and update DNS records as needed.
  • Email migration: Check MX instructions carefully before changing mail routing, and coordinate the change with mailbox setup.

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