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When the Federal Reserve raises its policy rate, savings account and certificate of deposit (CD) rates often face upward pressure—but banks do not have to pass along the increase, or do so immediately. How much you earn depends on the bank, the account, and competition for deposits. New CD offers can change as market conditions shift; an existing fixed-rate CD generally keeps the rate in its agreement until maturity.

Why a Fed rate increase does not automatically raise your bank rate

The federal funds rate is a policy target for overnight lending among depository institutions. It is not a rate the Fed assigns to consumer savings accounts or CDs. Banks set deposit rates according to their funding needs and competitive conditions, so a change in the Fed’s target does not require a matching change to the rate paid to customers.

Retail deposit rates also tend to adjust more slowly and by less than wholesale market rates, particularly early in a tightening cycle. Market rates can move in anticipation of expected Fed decisions, while banks may change the rates on consumer accounts later or by a smaller amount.

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A 2017 Federal Reserve analysis of the 2015–2017 tightening cycle illustrates the difference: after the first three policy hikes, a 75-basis-point cumulative increase, the average six-month CD rate in the study rose 6 basis points, while the average checking-account rate rose 1 basis point. These were historical product averages based on RateWatch data, not current offers or a prediction for a particular bank. Federal Reserve Board, June 2, 2017.

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What the recent-cycle figures show—and what they do not

In a 2024 analysis covering 2021:Q4 through 2023:Q3, the Federal Reserve reported that domestic deposit funding costs increased 1.9 percentage points while the federal funds effective rate increased 5.25 percentage points. The comparison shows muted pass-through in aggregate; the deposit-funding figure is not the APY for a particular household account.

The analysis also found that deposit-rate responses varied more from bank to bank in the recent cycle than in the 2004 cycle, with lower deposit betas among larger banks in the sample. A deposit beta is the change in a deposit rate divided by the change in the effective federal funds rate. It describes a measured relationship across the period, not a guaranteed response by any one institution. Federal Reserve Board, April 12, 2024.

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How savings accounts and CDs can respond differently

Savings accounts

Savings accounts are non-maturity deposits: they do not have a set term that locks the customer into holding the money until a particular date. Their rates are commonly variable, but the specific account terms determine whether and when the bank can change the rate. A savings account’s rate may rise, stay unchanged, or change by less than the Fed’s move.

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The Federal Reserve’s regulatory definition of savings deposits includes familiar passbook and statement savings accounts and money market deposit accounts. Its explanation of the April 2020 Regulation D amendment concerns transfer limits; it is not a rule requiring banks to change account rates or how interest is calculated. Federal Reserve Board, Savings Deposits Frequently Asked Questions.

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CDs

A CD has a stated term, such as a set number of months, and its rate and conditions are governed by the institution’s offer and account agreement. New CD offers may change as market conditions and banks’ funding needs change. An already opened fixed-rate CD generally retains its contractual rate until maturity; read the agreement for the terms that apply to your CD.

The 2017 Federal Reserve study found that longer-maturity retail deposits moved more than checking and savings deposits in the period it examined, though the increases were modest. That historical result does not establish which CD term will offer the best rate in a future cycle.

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Why one bank may raise rates while another does not

Banks do not all need deposits to the same degree, and they face different competitive conditions. A bank seeking more deposits may raise selected offers, while another may see little reason to change its rates promptly. A saver may therefore see no immediate increase at one institution and a larger promotional offer at another.

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Customers can move money toward better offers, adding pressure on banks to compete. The Federal Reserve’s February 2026 Commercial Bank Examination Manual identifies online deposits and CD listing services offering premium rates as rate-sensitive channels that banks should monitor. That supervisory context helps explain why a bank’s pricing can reflect competition; it does not promise a particular rate change. Federal Reserve Board, Commercial Bank Examination Manual.

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How to compare an account or CD after a rate change

Compare actual offers rather than assuming a bank’s rate will track the Fed’s move. Check the details on the same date, because rates and terms can change frequently.

  • APY: Compare the annual percentage yield for the balance you expect to keep, and check whether the advertised yield depends on promotional or other conditions.
  • Rate type: Confirm whether the savings rate is variable and whether a CD rate is fixed for its term.
  • CD term and access: Match the maturity date to when you may need the money, and review early-withdrawal terms before opening the CD.
  • Minimums and fees: Check minimum balance requirements, account fees, and any other eligibility conditions for the advertised rate.
  • Institution and coverage: Verify the institution and applicable deposit-insurance coverage before moving funds.

Historical Federal Reserve figures explain why deposit rates may lag or vary; they cannot establish today’s APYs or predict the timing and size of a future Fed move. Confirm current rates and account terms directly with each institution.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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