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To use text as a name for a value in Python, store the value in a dictionary under that string key: values[name] = value. Python does not turn a string such as "score" into a variable automatically. A dictionary is the clear, flexible choice for names selected at runtime; use globals() only when you specifically need to bind a module-level name.

Use a dictionary for names chosen at runtime

A variable name in Python is a name bound to an object. A string containing the same letters is still just data; assigning that string to another variable does not create a new variable with its contents as its name. A dictionary provides the natural way to associate arbitrary text keys with values:

name = "score"
values = {}
values[name] = 42

print(values["score"])  # 42

Here, name is a string and values stores the association between that string and 42. You can retrieve or update the value using the key:

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values["score"] = 50
print(values[name])  # 50

This approach is useful when names come from input, configuration, or a set of options, and it keeps the data together in one inspectable mapping. Keys can be strings that would not be valid Python variable names, too.

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When a real module-level name is required

If you have a specific reason to add a name to the current module’s global namespace, you can use the mapping returned by globals():

name = "score"
globals()[name] = 42

print(score)  # 42, in this module's global namespace

This binds score in the module namespace; it does not convert the string into a normal local variable. Module globals can also make code harder to inspect, so prefer a dictionary unless other code genuinely needs that module-level name. The Python execution model documentation describes namespaces and name binding.

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Why a string cannot create a function local

Python determines local names in a function from binding operations in that function’s body. Assigning to a name there makes it local unless the function declares it global or nonlocal for the relevant scope. A string passed to globals() does not change that rule or reliably create an ordinary local variable. Reading a local name before it has been assigned can raise UnboundLocalError. See the Python execution model and programming FAQ for details.

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Why not use exec()?

exec() runs Python code supplied as text; it is not a convenient data-storage mechanism. Building code from a string to create a variable makes the result harder to understand and introduces security risk if the text is untrusted. Keep a runtime-selected name as a dictionary key instead of executing it as code. The Python built-in function reference documents exec(), and the programming FAQ cautions against using dynamic evaluation when a simpler approach will do.

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Which approach should you choose?

Approach What it does Best fit
Dictionary, such as values[name] = value Stores a value under a string key Runtime-selected names and dynamic collections
globals()[name] = value Binds a name in the module’s global namespace A genuine need for a module-level name
exec() Executes Python code from text Not ordinary dynamic storage; avoid it for this purpose

For user-provided names, validate the input if your application requires a limited set of keys. In most cases, keep the input as data in a dictionary rather than trying to turn it into executable code or a variable.

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