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Give each independent coding agent its own Git branch and working directory by creating a linked Git worktree for it. This keeps agents from editing the same checked-out files, while allowing them to work from one repository. Worktrees isolate Git checkouts—not databases, services, credentials, or other external state.
What a Git worktree gives each agent
Git’s worktree documentation describes a repository with multiple working trees, so you can check out more than one branch at a time. The main working tree and linked worktrees share repository data, but each worktree has its own working directory and per-worktree state, including its HEAD and index. They are not independent full clones.
That separation is useful when agents are working on independent tasks: each can edit files in its assigned directory without changing the other agent’s checked-out files. The repository is still shared, so coordinate branch ownership and review changes that overlap before integrating them. Worktrees do not isolate resources outside Git, such as a shared database, running service, or credentials.
Create one branch and worktree per agent
Run these commands from the repository’s main working tree, replacing the example directory and branch names to match your project:
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git worktree add ../repo-agent-a -b agent/task-a
git worktree add ../repo-agent-b -b agent/task-b
git worktree list- Create a distinct worktree and branch for each agent. The
-boption creates the named branch as the worktree is added. Git ordinarily refuses to check out the same branch in more than one worktree, so do not assign two agents the same branch. - Start each agent in its assigned directory. For example, set agent A’s working directory to
../repo-agent-aand agent B’s to../repo-agent-b. Confirm the agent is not still operating in the main working tree. - Check the assignments.
git worktree listshows the working trees associated with the repository. Use it to check which paths and branches are active.
In the Visual Studio Code agent-harness documentation, a new worktree starts from committed Git state. Commit work that an agent needs as its starting point before creating its worktree; uncommitted changes in the main working tree should not be treated as part of that starting state.
Choose a branch-based or detached worktree
For ongoing, independent agent tasks, use a named branch per worktree. A detached worktree can suit a temporary experiment that should not create a branch. Git also supports adding a worktree from an existing branch or commit.
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| Use case | How to add it | Branch ownership and integration |
|---|---|---|
| Independent agent task | git worktree add ../repo-agent-a -b agent/task-a |
Creates a named branch for the task. Review and merge or cherry-pick its changes through your team’s usual process. |
| Existing branch | git worktree add ../repo-existing existing-branch |
Checks out the existing branch in the new worktree, if it is available to check out there. |
| Short-lived experiment | git worktree add --detach ../repo-experiment <commit> |
Checks out a commit without creating or attaching a branch. Decide how to preserve useful changes before removing the worktree. |
If you omit a branch or commit when adding a worktree, Git documents that it creates a branch named after the final component of the path. For agent assignments, explicit branch names make ownership easier to identify.
Review and integrate an agent’s changes
Finishing an agent session does not automatically merge its work. Inspect the task branch, review the diff, and integrate it using the team’s normal merge or cherry-pick process. If multiple agents changed the same files or related code, resolve and test those changes as part of review.
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Once you no longer need a linked worktree, remove it from another worktree with:
git worktree remove ../repo-agent-aGit may refuse removal if the worktree contains changes it considers valuable. Review and commit, move, or otherwise preserve any needed work before removing it; do not force removal unless you intend to discard what Git warns about.
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Repair or clean up worktree records
- A worktree was moved manually: Git documents
git worktree movefor moving a worktree andgit worktree repairfor repairing links after certain moves. Prefer Git’s worktree commands over moving a directory by hand. - A worktree directory was deleted outside Git: use
git worktree pruneto remove stale administrative records. Git may also prune stale records automatically. - A worktree must not be pruned: Git’s
lockcommand can mark a worktree to protect it from pruning, for example when it is on removable storage.
Account for submodule limitations
Git’s worktree manual warns that multiple checkouts remain experimental in general and that submodule support is incomplete. It says multiple checkouts of a superproject are not recommended. If your repository uses submodules, check the manual and validate the workflow for your project before assigning parallel worktrees.
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