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Residents near the Wolf Hollow Bitcoin-mining facility outside Granbury, Texas, say the site’s persistent cooling-fan noise has coincided with tinnitus, vertigo, migraines, nausea, sleeplessness and other health problems. Those are reported experiences and allegations—not medical findings proving that the mine caused any individual illness. TIME reported in 2024 that no major medical study had examined living near a Bitcoin mine.
What residents say is happening
TIME reported that Wolf Hollow began Bitcoin-mining operations in summer 2022. People living nearby later described a continuous hum or roar from the facility’s cooling equipment. More than 40 people interviewed by TIME said they had experienced a medical ailment they believed was connected to the mine. That number reflects interviews and personal attribution, not a verified count of mine-caused cases.
“We’re living in a nightmare,” Granbury resident Sarah Rosenkranz told TIME. Residents have described tinnitus, vertigo, migraines, nausea, disrupted sleep and cardiovascular complaints. These accounts should be taken seriously as reports of suffering, while recognizing that symptoms can have many causes and require clinical evaluation.
What the reported sound readings show—and do not show
TIME described measurements taken at particular places and times, rather than a controlled, continuous exposure study.
- A resident reported measuring 72 decibels in a bedroom at night.
- A constable’s sound recorder reached 91 decibels near the facility.
- The constable said he recorded more than 35 readings above 85 decibels from the plant during 2024.
A decibel reading changes with distance, weather, equipment load, reflections from buildings and the meter’s calibration. A single peak is not the same as an average level over an entire night, and these reported readings do not establish that a particular resident’s disease was caused by the mine.
What medical evidence says about noise
There is broader evidence that prolonged environmental noise can affect sleep, stress and cardiovascular health. TIME quoted German cardiologist Thomas Münzel saying, “The most spectacular cardiovascular diseases will develop.” That statement describes risks associated with chronic noise exposure generally; it is not a diagnosis of Wolf Hollow residents.
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CDC and NIOSH guidance links excessive noise exposure to hearing damage and recommends reducing exposure and using appropriate hearing protection. Those resources address noise hazards in general, not the health status of people living near this Bitcoin facility. TIME explicitly reported that no major medical studies had assessed the health effects of living near a Bitcoin mine.
Why proving causation is difficult
To show that Wolf Hollow caused a specific illness, investigators would need comparable measurements over time, information about which equipment was operating, residents’ exposure levels inside and outside their homes, medical histories, other noise sources and appropriate comparison groups. Interviews and isolated meter readings can document concern and possible exposure, but they cannot substitute for that epidemiological work.
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Has the noise been reduced?
The company and residents describe different outcomes after mitigation efforts.
| Date and source | Account | What is independently established |
|---|---|---|
| October 2025, KERA | MARA said it had moved most of the site to immersion cooling and completed a sound wall. | The statement documents the company’s claimed equipment and construction changes. |
| October 2025, residents quoted by KERA and The Texas Tribune | Residents continued to report disruptive noise; Texas Tribune coverage described residents’ view that the wall had done little to reduce it. | These are resident observations after the company’s changes. |
| Post-mitigation measurement series | No comparable independent series was provided in the reviewed reporting. | There is not enough published data to quantify the reduction, if any. |
The competing accounts should not be treated as equivalent to a controlled before-and-after test. A properly documented series using calibrated instruments, fixed locations and repeated operating conditions would make the change easier to assess.
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Where the legal and policy fight stood in 2025
Earthjustice, which represents residents, said on September 3, 2025, that a Texas state court had denied MARA’s motion to dismiss earlier that summer. The residents then sought operational, mitigation and noise records. Earthjustice senior attorney Rodrigo Cantú said, “MARA must be compelled to release critical information about its operations, which have already caused serious harm to its neighbors.” That is the plaintiffs’ litigation position, not a court finding of harm or liability.
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KERA reported on October 30, 2025, that Mitchell Bend residents were pursuing incorporation so the area could obtain municipal regulatory authority, while MARA had filed a federal lawsuit challenging the effort. KERA reported the company’s position that the incorporation effort unfairly targeted businesses. The Texas Tribune reported residents’ view that Texas counties lack authority to set noise limits, while cities may have such authority.
Those reports describe procedural developments in 2025. They do not establish a final judgment, a definitive noise standard for this site or the current status of the lawsuits or incorporation effort. Current court and election records would be needed before stating what happened after the reported events.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What an affected resident can do
Seek medical care for symptoms
Persistent ringing in the ears, vertigo, severe headaches, chest pain, palpitations or prolonged insomnia warrant evaluation by a clinician. Emergency symptoms such as chest pain, fainting, severe shortness of breath or sudden neurological changes require urgent care. Tell the clinician when symptoms began and whether they vary with the facility’s operating periods, but do not assume the cause.
Keep a factual exposure log
- Record date, time, location, weather and what the sound was like.
- Note whether windows were open, where you were in the building and whether sleep was interrupted.
- Log symptoms separately from sound observations, including duration and severity.
- Preserve original files, photographs and device settings rather than only handwritten summaries.
Use a sound-level meter carefully
A consumer sound level meter or decibel-meter app can help organize personal observations. It is not a medical diagnostic device, does not prove causation and may not meet legal evidence standards. For meaningful comparisons, use the same device and location, document calibration or limitations, and take repeated readings rather than relying on one peak.
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- How indoor and outdoor sound levels changed across seasons and operating loads.
- Whether mitigation produced a measurable reduction at nearby homes.
- How reported symptoms compare with those in similar communities without a large mining operation.
- What current court orders, records and local-government actions followed the 2025 reports.
The Bottom Line
Granbury residents have reported real and troubling symptoms alongside persistent Bitcoin-mine noise, and reported readings indicate that loud events occurred. Existing coverage does not prove that Wolf Hollow caused any individual illness, nor does it provide an independent post-mitigation measurement series. Medical evaluation, careful exposure records and transparent, repeated sound monitoring are needed to separate documented exposure from assumed causation.
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